Word: toughness
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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Management's tough stand was no idle pose. Big Steel, led by U.S. Steel Corp.'s Board Chairman Roger M. Blough, was bent on halting steel's relentles's postwar trend: ever higher wages, ever higher prices-both up about 150% since 1945. With U.S.-made steel all but priced out of foreign markets and losing domestic markets to low-cost foreign steel (TIME. July 20), the steel industry finally decided to hold out against a wage boost unless the union conceded management more freedom to trim costs by cutting down on "featherbedding and loafing...
...Tough Way. The big change did not come in a twinkling. Humphrey's own Senate Class of 1948 was the last to go to Washington with Fair Deal liberals predominating. Since then, the old appeals have gradually faded. Many an orthodox liberal has lost his enthusiasm for big farm supports, big housing dreams, and big labor. And as the U.S. public has changed to a pay-as-you-go attitude, so have the liberals changed. "These men," says Indiana's freshman Democratic Congressman John Brademas of his classmates, "are well educated. Yet they have an earthiness about them...
...University of California's Berkeley Radiation Laboratory. In Detroit (where Mayor Louis Miriani refused to meet him), he got the full treatment from the top automakers and a private, free-for-all debate with Michigan's G. Mennen Williams (Williams on Kozlov: "Urbane, gracious, shrewd, tough." Kozlov on Williams: "Not well informed on foreign affairs"). He visited Chicago's Mayor Richard Daley (who, said Kozlov, reminded him of the mayor of Leningrad), inspected an Illinois farm, a Pittsburgh steel mill. Through it all, Frol Kozlov plainly showed that he was having a good time, just as plainly...
...their way right up to the polling boxes, passed out slips of colored paper with their names printed in helpfully large letters. The most conscientious elector (compelled to vote, or pay a $3 fine), retiring to his polling booth with a list of candidates six pages long, had a tough time finding as many as 30 names that he could recognize and mark. It took President Nasser himself four minutes to vote, though the day before he had gone over a list of all of the 210 candidates in his Cairo district...
...Tough Calculations. The experts might have missed the event altogether had it not been for British Astronomer Gordon E. Taylor, a former amateur without university training, now employed at the Royal Greenwich Observatory. At first, some of the pros doubted Taylor's calculations, which were published in January; the paths of two such remote bodies are very tough to calculate accurately. Only when the august Harvard College Observatory confirmed Taylor's calculations did the occultation of Regulus become a serious concern of world astronomy. The U.S. was ruled out as a major observation point because Venus and Regulus...