Word: towers
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...first floor dining room was not always the setting for affronts to authority. Students also were drawn to the tower containing the bell which tolled for rising, classes, and chapel services. Souls seeking revenge assaulted the bell with gunpowder, froze it with water, and stole its tongue. Police pursued one assailant, Joseph McKean, who raced down the slanted roof and leaped, four stories above the ground, to the roof of Hollis. Never caught, he later became a Boylston Professor of Rhetoric...
...TIME, June 14), a synthetic compound, and reserpine †(TIME, June 21), a pure alkaloid from the juices of the snakeroot (Rauwolfia serpentina), crude extracts of which had been used for centuries by medicine men in India. Both drugs became available in the U.S. in 1953. But most ivory-tower mental hospitals, attached to medical schools with good research facilities, passed up the chance to be first to try the drugs. Far more receptive were the heads of state hospital systems, in whose complexes of dingy, red brick buildings were thousands of long-term "regressed" or "deteriorated" patients...
First in North America to use chlorpromazine on mental patients was Berlin-born Dr. Heinz Edgar Lehmann, who has one foot in the ivory-tower camp, as assistant professor of psychiatry at McGill University, and one among the red bricks, as clinical director of Verdun Protestant Hospital on Montreal's outskirts. With Dr. Gorman Hanrahan, he tried chlorpromazine first on victims of manic-depressive psychosis in the manic phase-the kind of patients who are admitted to the hospital "swinging from chandeliers that aren't there," who throw their shoes at attendants, keep other patients awake by shouting...
Ivory v. Red Brick. The gulf between the ivory-tower and red-brick schools of psychiatry over the new drugs has significance far beyond the profession. On its resolution depends the full and effective use of important new psychiatric tools. Essentially the trouble goes back to the Freudian revolt against the 19th century's physiological approach to mental illness. Freud admitted that the usefulness of his method was virtually limited to the neuroses and could not yet reach the psyhoses. Experience has shown that it takes countless hours of the most grueling work by a topnotch psychotherapist to bring...
...ivory-tower critics argue that the red-brick pragmatists are not getting to the patient's "underlying psychopathology" and so there can be no cure. These doctors want to know whether he withdrew from the world because of unconscious conflict over incestuous urges or stealing from his brother's piggy bank at the age of five. In the world of red bricks, this is like arguing about the number of angels on the point of a pin. Psychiatrists who have worked on the back wards readily admit that they can claim no technical cures-they will have...