Word: trade-union
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Except for the box factory (taken over in a trade-union dispute) and an expropriated bus line, all of these were acquired by friendly negotiations with owners...
...both as President of the Union and as an alternate member of the policymaking Politburo. The Soviet Union's longtime trade-union chief, he is primarily the workers' man, where Kalinin was the peasants' champion. The son of a Leningrad janitor, he was the only member of the All-Union Soviet of Trades Unions Secretariat to survive the purge of 1937. As Russian leaders go, he has a wide horizon: he made two wartime excursions to trade-union conferences in Britain. But he is isolationist enough to cultivate a bushy, eminently Russian mustache...
Shvernik's successor as trade-union boss, and perhaps as Vice President of the Soviet Union, is Vasili Vasilevich Kuznetsov, who is even more cosmopolitan than Shvernik-he was educated at Carnegie Tech and worked in a U.S. Ford plant. When he returned to Russia, he reported so enthusiastically about his life & times in the U.S. that friends kept snapping: "Well, if you liked it so much there, why don't you go back?" Conforming to Peter's Western ideal, he is clean-shaven...
...XIII, however, was not unwilling to learn about Americanism. He took back his ban on Catholic participation in the first strong U.S. trade-union movement, the Knights of Labor, after Cardinal Gibbons pointed out that: 1) U.S. unions were not infected with anticlericalism; and 2) the papal ban would only drive Catholic workers out of the Church...
...says, "just an ordinary boy." He was a studious boy, too, and a good cricketer. He studied political economy at the University of Toronto (class of '95), did postgraduate work at Harvard and the University of Chicago (where he lived at Jane Addams' Hull House, and studied trade-union organization and slum conditions). With the help of a traveling fellowship, he peered at more slums in London...