Word: traded
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...fuse under the China-Viet Nam explosion had been sputtering for nearly a year. Last spring, intent on consolidating their purer-than-thou socialist revolution, the Vietnamese authorities decided to root out "bourgeois trade" and "dangerous elements," namely ethnic Chinese who had lived for years in northern mining areas, in Danang and in the bustling Cholon district of Saigon (now Ho Chi Minh City). An estimated 160,000 Chinese refugees fled the country, aboard fishing boats or on foot across Friendship Pass, to resettle on communes in Kwangtung and Kwangsi provinces. Meanwhile, a sporadic series of raids and skirmishes that...
...with an estimated $14 billion in aid over the past two decades?abruptly cut off 21 current assistance projects. In June, as the last Chinese aid technicians went home, Hanoi yielded to longstanding Soviet blandishments and formally jumped into Moscow's economic orbit as a member of the Communist trade alliance, COMECON...
...Moscow and Hanoi formalized their alliance in a 25-year Soviet-Vietnamese treaty of friendship, which was signed with much ceremony in Moscow by Leonid Brezhnev, Premier Aleksei Kosygin and the Vietnamese Communist Party head, Le Duan, as well as Premier Pham Van Dong. Inside the usual bouquet of trade and cultural agreements there was no mistaking the glaring military nutshell: an ambiguous degree of mutual defense, to the extent of "consultations and appropriate effective measures to ensure the peace and security of their countries." For Peking the treaty was a stinging political rebuke...
...Bureaucratic foul-ups hindered the planting of new strains of rice that are more resistant to drought, and the distribution of pesticides in areas infested by plant pests has been delayed. Rice production is declining in the once prosperous Mekong Delta. Hanoi had announced that it was willing to trade consumer goods such as electric fans for rice, hoping to induce peasants to sell their crops to the government instead of on the black market. When the government failed to deliver the promised consumer goods, disappointed farmers began producing less. The Vietnamese party newspaper Nhan Dan has complained that many...
...contrast to the unisex black pants and white shirt commonly worn in the north. Food is somewhat more available but less affordable, since the inflation rate exceeds 100% a year. In general, the economy of the south has suffered from Hanoi's abolition last year of "bourgeois trade" and the introduction of a uniform currency throughout the country. Southern industry is currently running at 40% of capacity. About one-fifth of the 3 million residents of Ho Chi Minh City (Saigon) are unemployed. Conceding widespread mismanagement of industry and agriculture, Nhan Dan explained: "In the long struggles against imperialism...