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There's a bigger problem: the relationship between Turkey and the E.U. is now so testy that even technical talks, like the ones over energy transit, are becoming politically charged. Turkey started negotiating E.U. membership in 2005. But progress has been slow for a number of reasons. There has been obstruction from France, Germany and a few other E.U. members who are not keen on a predominantly Muslim country of 70 million joining their club. There has also been political turmoil in Turkey, where the highest court only last year threw out a case on the closure of the ruling...
Sometimes We Need a Shove But we're not likely to spend if we don't have money. And we can't take public transit if there's none in our neighborhood. The bully pulpit has limits - Michelle Obama has literally urged us to eat our broccoli, but she can't make it taste like fudge. "I like nudges, but sometimes we need to do more," says Harvard's Mullainathan. Sometimes we need a shove. The research proves change can come about when it's easy and popular, but making it lucrative - or even mandatory - can make sure it happens...
Though it's caricatured as a concrete jungle, New York is already surprisingly eco-friendly. Thanks to its density and public transit, the city has a per capita carbon footprint 71% smaller than the U.S. as a whole. With more than 8.2 million people calling New York home, surpassing a historical high set in the 1950s, the city's infrastructure - its crowded subways, traffic-choked streets, aging water mains - is being pushed past its limits. City planners realize that New York is on track to gain an additional 900,000 people by 2030. If that growth isn't managed properly...
Ultimately PlaNYC attempts to chart New York's growth by vastly improving energy efficiency in the city's 950,000 buildings, beefing up public transit and adapting to the impact of global warming. Though PlaNYC is as green as a new fairway - the city is carving out bike lanes and pedestrian plazas and expanding its parks - the deeper motivation is economic. If New York wants to stay on top, it needs to grow sustainably and efficiently, getting more out of less while improving quality of life. PlaNYC could be a model for megacities from Tehran to Tokyo...
...area where Bloomberg's green vision has clashed with political realities is mass transit. The subway system is controlled not by the city but by New York State's Metropolitan Transportation Authority. So while PlaNYC includes a call for the subways to be brought up to a state of good repair (a visit to any subway station will indicate they're not there yet), the city doesn't have the power to enforce it. Similarly, the plan pushes new projects like the long-awaited Second Avenue subway line on Manhattan's far East Side. Those multibillion-dollar improvements were...