Word: transplante
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Dates: during 2000-2009
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...cell. Their next step would be to extract that nucleus, insert it into a hollowed-out pig ovum and insert the ovum into the womb of a host sow. The sugar-free piglet that was eventually born could then be cloned over and over as a source of safe transplant organs. "The idea is to arrive at the ideal animal and repeatedly copy it exactly as it is," says Dr. Mark Hardy, director of organ transplantation at New York-Presbyterian Hospital...
...that pig organs could be available in as little as five years. Hardy believes that whenever the tissue does come along, it will at first be rather small-bore stuff--pancreatic islet cells for diabetics, say--rather than hearts, kidneys or lungs. Whatever it is, even a little new transplant material is a big improvement over what's available now, and for gravely ill patients awaiting a donor, that's no small thing...
...that it had produced five cloned piglets - and not only that, certain genes had been "knocked out" of some organ cells of the above-named piglets, signaling a breakthrough in the medical application of cloning technology: Knocking out the genes prevents a human recipient from rejecting a pig organ transplant. "This opens the door to making modified pigs whose organs and cells can be successfully transplanted into humans - the only near-term solution to solving the worldwide organ shortage crisis," said a spokesman for PPL Therapeutics, the company behind the experiments. Although moral critics of the practice will blanch...
...Although transplant centers must evaluate any potential donor's suitability, it never hurts to have an independent opinion. The most common contraindications are heart disease, diabetes and high blood pressure...
...close relative, pressure you into giving up an organ--no matter if you're healthy. "There's often the feeling that you're not a good friend, father, mother if you don't do this," says Arthur Caplan, director of the University of Pennsylvania's Center for Bioethics. Some transplant centers will invent a "medical problem" on behalf of those who are reluctant to donate but feel they...