Word: trawl
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...intensively exploiting, both coasts of the U.S., and men like Cassedy are finding it increasingly difficult to live up to the coveted title of "high hooker." The Russians have about 160 vessels along the East Coast alone, and they are not the only uninvited guests. Twenty-five Polish vessels trawl off the East Coast; some 125 Japanese boats operate off Alaska. One result is that since 1954 the U.S. has dropped from second place as a world fish producer (after Japan), to fifth...
...Sato government also agreed to return to Seoul a hoard of Korean national treasures (ranging from ceramics to calligraphy) that the Japanese had stolen during the occupation years. In the most controversial agreement of all, covering South Korea's rich offshore fishing grounds, Japan won the right to trawl outside a twelve-mile limit -it had previously been 60 miles-thus gaining limited access to some 85,000 additional square miles of coveted waters...
...swift and agile fish get caught in slow-moving nets? They simply get tired. This seaborne secret was documented recently when skindivers of the U.S. Bureau of Commercial Fisheries hung on the mouth of a big submerged trawl and took movies of fish as they were caught. The net moved through the water as slowly as 2 m.p.h., a pace that most fish can exceed with ease. But the skindivers learned that, fast as fish are, most of them are too lazy to take evasive measures. They swim languidly for a while to keep ahead of the net, but eventually...
Encouraged by these observations, the bureau's Seattle base designed a monster, bag-shaped trawl. The mouth, 117 ft. square, is kept open by floats and kitelike "otter boards"; it can be submerged at any depth. The great net is pulled through the water at less than 3 m.p.h. A few fish, including salmon, are smart enough to recognize danger and dart to safety, but most types do not take alarm until too late...