Word: tribal
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Dates: during 2000-2009
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...tribal war over the Marai Mountain in Yemen's Al-Bayda province has claimed more than 150 lives over a decade. Which is why Sheik Abdul-Rahman Al-Marwani, chair of the Dar Al-Salaam Organization for Combating Revenge and Violence, is steering his SUV one-handed through Sanaa's traffic, while using his Nokia phone to negotiate a possible settlement to the conflict. By the time Marwani hangs up, he's brokered a shaky truce between the two main warring groups : a year-long cease-fire during which there'll be more talks...
...Negotiating peace in Yemen can be lethal. Since 1997, when Marwani founded his non-profit organization to work against gun violence and revenge killing, 15 of his volunteers have been killed - most of them caught in the crossfire of tribal battles. Government officials estimate that there are around 60 million guns in the region - three for every person. "A poor man will save on food, just to buy a gun," says Marwani. "A man in Yemen without arms has no value...
...Salaam (which translates as House of Peace) is trying to change that, negotiating tribal truces - 185 to date - and preaching tolerance and reconciliation. The organization runs training camps for tribal leaders and offers internships to the sons of tribal sheiks, hoping to create a more peaceful mind-set in these future leaders. To bolster the point, the organization's office is decked with bloody photos of gun victims. Using funding from Yemen's banking and telecom sectors, and grants from Western governments as well as its own, the Dar al-Salaam sends theater groups and poets to enlighten tribes...
With respect to Iraq, I think the conversations we had at the end of the day with the governors in Anbar or elected officials in Anbar or the tribal leaders in Anbar really gave you a sense of how close to the surface the animosity between Sunnis and Shi'as remains. The way that the [Sunni] tribal leaders and the provincial officials describe the Shi'as in Baghdad was indicative of a deep-seated lack of trust. And the fact that the violence has lessened and that [al-Qaeda in Iraq] really has been routed does not answer the larger...
...October, Moreno-Ocampo felt that his case against al-Bashir was clear. But he faced a U.N. that seemed out of touch with what was going on in Darfur. Diplomats at the world body began calling violence in Darfur "intra-tribal clashes" - reminiscent of the "ancient tribal hatreds" definition that stalled intervention in Bosnia for so long. "I said the janjaweed and the army attacked in September and October, and this is not intra-tribal clashes," says Moreno-Ocampo. "Haroun obstructing humanitarian assistance in the camps is not intra-tribal clashes." Moreno-Ocampo challenged the Security Council, asking why they...