Word: tribalism
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...fresh wave of terrorism violence spreads deeper into Pakistan, the Obama Administration is urging the country to act more decisively against militants who are based in the tribal areas and pose a threat to the region and beyond. For Washington, stabilizing Afghanistan depends on stanching the flow of militants from across the border. But while both political will and public opinion have discernibly shifted in recent days, there remain deep divisions - and some resentment on the part of Pakistan - over how to tackle the threat...
...light of a crescent moon, slipping into defensive positions around a darkened house, gun sights trained on the rocky cliffs above. Four sharp knocks on the wooden door echoed through the silent valley. "Niazamuddin, we know you are in there!" the interpreter shouted. After a few tense moments, the tribal elder appeared. For months the village leaders of the Korengal Valley in Afghanistan's northeastern province of Kunar had complained about the U.S. and Afghan armies' searching of houses, a practice that went against tribal custom. Niazamuddin had suggested that he go along on the next search to help soften...
...Pakistan and Afghanistan and to prevent their return to either country in the future." But accomplishing even that comparatively limited objective at this stage will require a massive and sustained U.S. Commitment - one that involves more than military boots on the ground. Al-Qaeda still thrives in the ungoverned tribal areas along the border between the two countries, and while many of its members have been killed, new recruits quickly take their place. U.S. soldiers have learned that to deny al-Qaeda a foothold in Afghanistan will require the establishment of a government that Afghans can believe in, the security...
...Smuggling rings took over, bringing corruption in their wake. As it has elsewhere in Afghanistan, the national Taliban movement co-opted local grievances. (Taliban, these days, no longer refers just to the regime that once ruled the country; the word has become synonymous with any number of antigovernment forces.) Tribal elders say the fight in the Korengal is directed and funded by Gulbuddin Hekmatyar, a warlord who was once backed by the U.S. and has links to al-Qaeda. Nevertheless, says valley elder Sham Sher Khan, the way to counter the insurgency hasn't changed. He thinks reopening the timber...
...contenders—from city, county, state, federal, and tribal government agencies—were chosen after several rounds of evaluation by policy experts on the basis of four criteria: novelty, significance, effectiveness and transferability, said Emily C. Kaplan, the competition’s program assistant...