Word: tribalization
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...south-central Rhodesia. The landscape, raw and parched, is broken by boulder-strewn hills and will soon be softened by the splashing pinks and magentas of blooming wild msasa trees. To the south of the town of Shabani (pop. 1,900 whites, 14,000 blacks) stretches the Belingwe Tribal Trust Land, a reserve inhabited by 140,000 blacks, where the guerrilla presence is most deeply felt. On election day last week, TIME's Xan Smiley visited Belingwe and filed this report on its troubled mood...
...diehard Afrikaner ranchers of Nuanetsi, near Belingwe, the gloom is virtually impenetrable. Last week most farmers there cast their ballots by mail; nowadays they rarely venture far from their fortified homes. Reason: during one terrifying two-week period in July, a different homestead was attacked every day. The Belingwe Tribal Trust Land has become what one Swiss missionary calls "occupied territory"; the guerrillas are there, the government knows it, but the army cannot do much about it. The guerrillas attack anything connected with government, however beneficial to the populace or nonpolitical the target might be. As elsewhere in Rhodesia...
...with Joshua Nkomo's Zimbabwe African People's Union (ZAPU), the other affiliated with Robert Mugabe's Zimbabwe African National Union (ZANU). To the west of Belingwe, ZANU is said to have warned a ZAPU group not to encroach. There are many arms caches in the Tribal Trust Land-perhaps in store for a day of reckoning between the two factions...
...1930s and '40s, the sands of northeast Africa were a cockpit of conflict between rival European colonial powers, chiefly Britain and Italy. Today, in both Eritrea and Ogaden, the central issue is the integrity of national boundaries, v. self-determination by individual provinces or tribal groups. The Ethiopians are resolved to retain the territory they acquired during a century of expansion. The Eritreans, whose land was an Italian colony until 1941, are fighting for independence; the Somalis are pursuing their dream of uniting the various Somali homelands under one flag. But these conflicts also have international significance. The Horn...
...this year. The M.P.s resigned over an amendment to the longstanding Land Tenure Act that contained the Smith government's first important, if belated concessions on segregation. The R.A.P. is determined to limit the number of blacks who may vote and to restrict their political rights to the tribal homelands This hard-line stance has a strong appeal to white voters. But most observers feel that Smith's sense of timing is as acute as ever-and that he will probably win another mandate. "Smith still sees himself as the man who can save the position...