Word: tribalization
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...striking is risky in recession-ridden South Africa. Black unemployment is running at 20%. Conspicuous among the Soweto residents who refused to strike were the migrant males, many of them Zulu tribesmen, who live in dormitory-like hostels and send most of their earnings to their families in the tribal homelands far away. The migrants were little impressed by either the young activists' efforts to organize political demonstrations or the government's recent concessions to black militancy, like the decision to allow Soweto residents to purchase outright more than half of the township's houses (for about...
...black activists in Soweto had been blunted by the Zulu warriors. Others knew better. "Sooner or later they'll get back to confronting the white Establishment," observed a white businessman in Johannesburg. "When they do, it will be much worse than before. Right now the problem is tribal, but in the long run it's strictly racial." He concluded by citing the statistic that no white man in South Africa ever needs to be told: the country has 18 million blacks and only 4 million whites...
...Zulu tribe as it is known today dates from the early 17th century. Initially, they numbered no more than a hundred, but the clan grew, proudly calling themselves, after one of their chieftains, amaZulu-"People of the heavens." At that time, African tribal warfare was mostly a matter of threats and feints, and the major weapon was an unwieldy 6-ft. spear, thrown wildly through the air. The 19th century Zulu King Shaka adapted this long spear into a broad sword, the stabbing assegai...
...measured compromise. After almost a year of discussion, the twelve different ethnic groups in the territory -eight black, one white and three of mixed race-settled on Dec. 31, 1978, as the date for Namibian independence. A multiracial interim government-probably to be headed by Clemens Kapuuo, a Herero tribal chief, and Dirk Mudge, a white rancher-will draft a constitution, organize elections and oversee the transfer of power. The non-white majority at the conference had pressed for independence by next June 30, but in the end agreed to wait an extra 18 months in return for the kind...
...Khazars chose Judaism, an odd historical fact that Koestler and others are at pains to explain satisfactorily. According to one ancient Jewish legend, the Khazar king, Bulan, was in the market for a monotheism to replace his old tribal idolatry. He asked the emissary from Christian Byzantium which faith he would choose if the only option was between Judaism and Islam. The Christian chose Judaism because the Jews -though sinners-at least worshiped the same...