Word: tribalization
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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...albums, but Zap Mama still have voices to contend with. Founded by Marie Daulne, a native of Zaire raised in Europe, this Brussels quintet reflects the eclectic cosmopolitanism of both Daulne's upbringing and their home city, with lyrics in French, various African languages and English. Elements of African tribal chants and Pygmy song blend seamlessly with Daulne's incredible lead vocals, which flow easily from breathless pixie to soul sister. But A Ma Zone should not be consigned to the world music section of record stores. It's a pop and hip-hop album, and it markets itself...
...which the human form serves as a personal canvas to be cut, poked, burned, stretched and adorned. It's a world in which terms like journey and enlightenment are used to describe acts of self-mutilation that would make even Quentin Tarantino cringe, a subculture combining tribal spirituality with kinky sex and a dash of circus sideshow. It may seem weird, but it has a long tradition: in November the American Museum of Natural History in New York City will present "Body Art: Marks of Identity," an exhibition surveying 4,000 years of skin decoration...
Davi Kopenawa Yanomami cures ailing tribal brothers with incantations given to him by a fearsome anaconda spirit that slithers up from Amazonian waters. At least that's the way Davi describes it. Like other native medicine men in the Amazon rain forest, Davi relies on hallucinogenic powders to reach the spirit world, but this leader of the Yanomami Indians also wields a more modern means of communication: a two-way radio. When an otherworldly voice squawks through the speaker, Davi wraps up his shaman's crown of toucan feathers, dons uncomfortable city clothes and walks to a clearing...
That's a harsh view, of course, and it is one not shared by many of the families who crowd the playing fields and gyms. Even in the most intense programs, the kids will tell you this is what they want: the sheer fun of the game, the tribal bond with teammates, the pride of being selected for a team, and the attention from busy parents who might not make as much of a fuss over a triumph in algebra or Spanish...
South Africa's diversity--from spectacular wilderness to civilized viticulture, from the complexities of tribal life to the ease of luxury rail travel, from exotic safaris to brassy casinos--is the key to its allure. The primary tourist attractions continue to be game parks and an abundance of spectacular scenery, which draw at least one-third of all vacationing visitors. The menu is being broadened to highlight South Africa's unique heritage of European and African settlement, tribal and colonial wars, pioneer voortrekkers and legendary explorers--and its rich cultural...