Word: tribalization
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Dates: during 2000-2009
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Talk like that is raising the fear that Kenya is teetering on the edge of tribal war. By Jan. 2, after four days of rioting across this East African nation, some 300 people had been killed and 70,000 had fled their homes. In the town of Eldoret, a mob set fire to a church in which hundreds of Kikuyu had sought refuge, burning 50 of them alive. Police bullets have claimed dozens more lives...
...Kenya's political divisions overlie its tribal ones. Kibaki is a member of the Kikuyu tribe, Kenya's largest with 20% of the 37 million population, which has dominated the political scene since Kenya's independence from Britain in 1963. Odinga is a Luo - they make up 10% of the population. The two tribes have shared a tense coexistence, segregating themselves and rarely intermarrying. Luo have long complained that Kikuyu hoard political and economic power for themselves. And Kibaki never made good on his promises to stamp out corruption - a failing that has turned several other tribes in Kenya against...
...capital, Nairobi. On the ground, the city is gripped by fear. Police officers man roadblocks across its main arteries and sirens wail on its outer edges. Violence is sporadic, and sudden. In the slum of Karobongi, witnesses said the feared Mungiki sect - a group that weaves Kikuyu tribal mythology with gang rule in the slums - hacked to death several people from rival tribes in reprisal killings, leaving the roads strewn with limbs. Clashes between tribes also erupted in the tin-shack slum of Mathare, preventing aid workers from delivering daily drops of food and medicine...
...success. It is practically the only organization in Iraq that all the other players in the country saw as an unacceptable threat. Both the U.S. military and the Shi'ite-dominated government had fought the Sunni jihadist group for years. By the beginning of 2007, Sunni tribal leaders and nationalist insurgents had also begun battling with their former allies in AQI in order to retake control of Sunni communities...
While both sides pleaded for calm, there were fears the violence could aggravate an enduring national tribal split between Luos, who support Odinga, and Kikuyus, who back Kibaki. The two groups co-exist in an uneasy rivalry in Kenya. On Monday, crowds of Kikuyus in the west of the country were reported to be fleeing across the border to Uganda, while six Kikuyus were hacked to death in the popular tourist port city of Mombasa. Police, given orders to shoot rioters on sight, imposed a curfew at locations across the country and barred people from leaving the slums, a tactic...