Word: tribalized
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...questions posed by modern art, none are more intriguing than what it took, and why, from tribal culture. From Matisse structuring his Blue Nude of 1907 along the lines of African carving, to Robert Smithson emulating the vast projects of South American archaeology in his Spiral Jetty in Utah 63 years later, the list of "borrowings" is as long and as old as modernism itself. After 1850, the cultures of Africa and Oceania, dissolving under the acids of colonialism, released their myriad fragments-masks, figures, totems, bark cloths, tools, weapons, canoes, ceremonial furniture-into the absorptive West. After 1900, very...
...idiosyncratic methods of assessing a strange place: serendipitous encounters with local people, from college professors to taxi drivers; intuitive pursuits of whatever his Western intellect perceives as bizarre. Naipaul is most unsettled by a visit to Yamoussoukro, a stupefying modern city being constructed in the remote jungle around the tribal village of the country's President Félix Houphouët-Boigny. An artificial lake has been dug beside the walls of the leader's imposing palace, and crocodiles have been introduced; every afternoon, presidential assistants feed these creatures raw meat and a live chicken. Why? Naipaul...
Cyril Ramaphosa, general secretary of the union, accused the mine owners and the government of provoking the violence. The police blamed the disturbances on rival tribal factions and union troublemakers. In Washington the State Department last week issued a statement expressing regret at the deaths and injuries, "especially since they apparently occurred after a legal strike by black mine workers was successfully resolved...
Then there are the crocodiles. The country's ruler built Yamoussourko his tribal village, into a resort city with broad boulevards and posh hotels. He built a huge palace so he could live amid the town's splendor. Then he put a pool full of crocodiles into a pond in the palace's front yard--crocodiles being the clan's totem. Amid the marble facades and the fountains, they are a reminder of tribal power and tribal superstition...
...aborigines' success gives new heart to American Indians, who for years have been pressing state governments to hand over ancestral bones and tribal artifacts, many of which are gathering dust in museum basements. "We believe you should not disturb the dead," says Sioux Indian Maria Pearson of Marne, Iowa, a leader of her tribe's efforts to reclaim bones. To date, Native Americans have had only limited success. In 1981 Yurok Indians in California persuaded the state to return seven ancestral skeletons, which were then reburied. Iowa and Minnesota have passed laws requiring that archaeologists consult with Native...