Word: tribalized
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...record suggests that Karmal will continue to be Moscow's man, a custom-tailored partisan, as it were. But no matter how slavishly he follows the policies of his Soviet mentors, Karmal does not appear to have the agility necessary to reconcile the tribal, religious and ideological disputes that divide his volatile country. Concludes Neumann: "He is not a very flexible fellow...
...rank and file of the Patriotic Front have been recruited mainly from rural Tribal Trust Lands, where 40% of the country's 7 million blacks, employed mostly as day laborers, are concentrated. Zimbabwe Rhodesia's biggest black groups are the Shona, who form some 80% of the population, and Ndebele, who make up about 15% (whites constitute 3%). Like its leader Robert Mugabe, the bulk of the Mozambique-based Zimbabwe African National Liberation Army (ZANLA) are Shona. The Zambia-based Zimbabwe People's Revolutionary Army (ZIPRA) is dominated by Ndebele, like Leader Joshua Nkomo...
...Tribal enmity,* along with ideological disputes between the left-leaning Mugabe and the more pragmatic Nkomo, could pose a serious threat to the cease-fire plan. The two groups considered joining their forces under a single command and mounting a unified campaign in the forthcoming elections. Nevertheless, many guerrillas have been killed in intramural gun fights between the rival factions. Says James Chikerema, a former guerrilla leader: "The security forces sit on tops of hills and wait for ZIPRA and ZANLA to knock each other to pieces. Then they move in and kill." In November ZIPRA and ZANLA units clashed...
...there is little unity among his rivals, and the electoral campaign is likely to exacerbate their tribal and political differences. Nkomo and Mugabe, for example, have still not even decided whether to stand together in the election -if indeed they ever participate. Since as many as ten black factions will bevying for the votes, no single party is likely to be able to form a majority government. Thus the stage seemed set for a prolonged power struggle. Says maverick Black Nationalist Leader James Chikerema: "Soon after the election, there will be civil war, and the British do not want...
...actually works?and saves money. This may not add up to Jimmy Carter's "moral equivalent of war," but the President's description of the energy crisis no longer seems absurd. Heat itself has regained its elemental magic, and keeping warm has become a tribal obsession. The season of Great Cold approaches. Scrape flesh from animal skins. Gather food. Drag tree limbs from the forest and pile them inside the mouth of the cave. Recite incantations. Make fire...