Word: tribalized
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They demanded an immediate investigation of the sluggish BIA and of past Indian treaties with the U.S. Government. The protesters also made a large point of calling for the ouster of the Pine Ridge tribal council president, Dick Wilson. In large part, the takeover reflected civil strife-a power struggle between two competing Indian factions. Facing off at Wounded Knee were moderates, led by Wilson, and the AIM activists, mostly Indians from outside the reservation, led by Russell Means...
Last November, the tribal council at Pine Ridge voted to condemn the occupation of the Bureau of Indian Affairs building. A tribal court order enjoined Means and another AIM leader, Severt Young Bear, from assembling in Pine Ridge. In turn, AIM tried unsuccessfully to persuade the council to impeach Wilson, charging him with corruption. Dorothy Richards, secretary to the tribal court at Pine Ridge, explains: "Sioux are free-thinking people, but AIM demands total obedience. So we don't have too many AIM people here. Most of the ones in Pine Ridge are outsiders, and we hate people coming...
...West may well be that "the European idea" has finally won general acceptance, as Italy's Spinelli argues. Nonetheless, that idea is still perceived in different and often contradictory ways by Europe's eager men of commerce, its wary, jealous politicians, its skeptical workingmen and its restless, tribal minorities (see story page...
There is, however, an even greater threat to the realization of Charles de Gaulle's loftily imprecise dream of a Europe des patries-a Europe of the fatherlands. That is the persistence of myriad old tribal and regional interests and loyalties lying within and across the Continent's national frontiers...
...Sense. This tribal unrest has effectively shown that Europe's national boundaries no longer make much sense, if indeed they ever did. The present map of Europe was carved out by warring armies-and postwar diplomats-only in the past century and a half. In 1830 there were no such countries as Greece, Belgium or Norway. Italy and Germany are scarcely a century old, while Yugoslavia and Czechoslovakia date back only to 1918. Underlying Europe's somewhat artificial frontiers is a patchwork of ancient tribal and economic enclaves divided by geography, culture and what Italian Sociologist Francesco Ferrarotti...