Word: tribalized
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...Tribal Balance. By last week something had to give-and it was the republican Cabinet. Out went Strongman Amri, and in as new Premier came Moderate Ahmed Noman, who had resigned as president of the republican Consultative Council last December in protest against Sallal's "failure to fulfill the people's aspirations," that is, his failure to negotiate instead of fight. Two Deputy Premiers had joined Noman in resigning, and one of them, Mohammed Zubeiri, had founded a group called Allah's Party as a third force to unite royalists and republicans. The premiership would probably have...
...Zambia, with a vigorous multiparty system, meets most tests, and Morocco, blessed with 1,100 years of national identity, has made the transition to parliamentary democracy fairly smoothly. Uganda is a democracy by virtue of a more dubious blessing-a dissident Buganda minority still so fiercely loyal to their tribal monarch that Premier Milton Obote is forcibly prevented from creating the one-party state he would like...
...President in this year's election-and against a 71-year-old woman at that. Similarly, Thailand, now under semiautocratic rule, is preparing a constitution. The Shah of Iran has mobilized the intellectual resources of his nation for economic, social and ultimately democratic reforms. Even that old tribal chief Jomo Kenyatta has so far proved an adroit democrat; though he maneuvered the opposition out of business, all elements of Kenya are represented in his one-party government...
...insisted that "the test of a democratic regime in Africa might not be the actual presence of a second party, so much as whether the regime tolerated individualists." This is not necessarily doublethink. The one-party system is an effort to come to terms with an African tradition of tribal consensus in which the elders made universally accepted decisions. In such a context the concept of a "loyal opposition" is virtually meaningless...
...strength of Islam in many cases depends upon imponderable factors of history that are subject to profound change. For black Africa, one of Islam's chief lures is its tolerance of polygamy-a practice sure to wither away with the tribal structure that made it necessary, as it has in much of the Middle East. In the Arab world, the faith that created empires is subsidized by Presidents and dictators partly because it can provide spiritual justification for political ambitions. Egypt, for example, funnels vast sums of money into the propaganda outlets of the Supreme Islamic Council, which praises...