Word: tsarist
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Dates: during 1930-1939
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...Return of Maxim (Lenfilm). Maxim (Boris Chirkov) personifies the spirit of the Russian revolution. Part I (The Youth of Maxim) introduced him as an oppressed worker in Tsarist Russia (TIME, April 29, 1935). His Return shows him as a wary revolutionist two years later...
...informative in his reminiscences of personal contacts with World War generals. But as Author Churchill approaches the present his passionate conservatism leads him increasingly astray from accepted opinion. He defends as a "forlorn" patriot the opèra bouffe Boris Savinkov (prerevolutionary Russian spy who worked both for the Tsarist police and for Nihilists, reported on each to the other and had to maintain card files to keep his machinations straight); represents the fun-loving, light-witted Alfonso XIII of Spain (chiefly notable during his reign for his gambols on the Riviera, his gambling at Deauville) as a monarch "cool...
...Kings last winter: that to rule brutalizes. The Lower Depths (Albatros). Maxim Gorki, literary darling of the Russian masses both before and after the revolution, wrote The Lower Depths in 1902 to show the disease, despair and degradation of human beings at the bottom of Russia's Tsarist pile. Gorki's pre-Soviet cellarful of morbid, introspective thieves, drunkards and derelicts has been brought to the screen by France's Director Jean Renoir (Madame Bovary, Toni), son of the impressionist painter. In a foreword he announces his film as "human" rather than specifically Russian drama. For realistic...
...Hammers. They were forbidden to export their rubles, but they might buy with their profits antique furniture, jewels, paintings, etc. There soon appeared in Manhattan a swank emporium known as the Hammer Galleries, its showcases filled with Sevres vases, jeweled Easter eggs, enameled cups and other bourgeois impedimenta of Tsarist nobility. Knowing the political sympathies of its likeliest customer, the Hammer Galleries plasters its walls with double eagles and other imperial symbols...
...Army. Ordered established in all military districts were war councils of three, similar to those set up in the infancy of the Russian Revolution when a Red Army was being licked into shape by ex-Tsarist officers who had to be watched closely for signs of treachery. Stalin thus aimed last week at uncovering incipient Trotskyism or other heresies in his hitherto potent military commanders, who in future must get their orders countersigned by at least one other council member (probably a civilian) mainly interested in the welfare of the Communist Party...