Word: tsars
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...also heard and read enough about European socialism to become a parlor radical. He and approximately 60 other youthful idealists met regularly to discuss political matters, among them the emancipation of the serfs. Tsar Nicholas I learned of such seditious talk and decided to crack down. The suspected conspirators were arrested and, after a thorough investigation, roughly one-quarter of them, including Dostoevsky, were publicly sentenced to death. As orchestrated by Nicholas, the firing squad was called off at the last minute, with the first three vic tims already bound to their stakes. Dostoevsky learned that the Tsar had lightened...
...person or persons who assembled them may never be identified, but they were almost certainly connected in some way to the secret police of Tsar Nicholas II. The apparent motive was to discredit radical and progressive groups within Russia by making them appear dupes of alien Jewish machinations. In 1921, a reporter for the London Times found the sources from which the Protocols had been lifted. The notion of Jewish leaders plotting secretly came from a novel called Biarritz (1868) by Hermann Goedsche, a German who used the pen name Sir John Retcliffe. Most of the language and ideas...
...preposterous misreading of the psychological situation in Russia to believe that by denying [the Soviets] grain or by denying them some pipes you can bring the Soviet Union to her knees or even make the Politburo compromise. The Politburo, like any tsar in the past, will be in a position to rely not only on the ability but the willingness of their nation to suffer. If challenged by an arms race or if told by their Politburo that they now have to sacrifice a little in their private standard of living in order to make it possible for the Soviet...
Fabergé, whose Huguenot family fled France in 1685, eventually presided over branches in Moscow, Odessa, Kiev and London. He was principally supported by the Romanovs, notably the Dowager Empress Maria Fyodorovna and her son Tsar Nicholas II. The Danish-born Empress introduced the jeweler to her sister Alexandra and Alexandra's husband King Edward VII of England, both of whom became steadfast patrons of Fabergé. Most of the Fabergéana at A la Vieille Russie were made for the Russian royal family. Among them are nine imperial Easter eggs, the works with which Faberg...
...comes from the Bulgars, a people of Turkic origin that moved south of the Danube and into present-day Bulgaria in the 7th century. Conquered by the Ottoman Turks in 1396, the Bulgarians spent the next 500 years under the yoke of Constantinople before being set free by the Tsar's forces. During both world wars the country sided with Germany, but it could never bring itself to declare war against the Soviet Union. In 1944, the regency of seven-year-old King Simeon II scrambled to forge a separate peace with the Allies, but to no avail. Stalin...