Word: tudeh
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Dates: during 1940-1949
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...After the Teheran Government of wily, tough Premier Ahmad Gavam reoccupied the northern province of Azerbaijan without interference from Russia (TIME, Dec. 23), Gavam was able to smash the Azerbaijan "Democrats" (Red sympathizers) and also to reduce the Communist-tutored Tudeh party to insignificance. That left the Soviet-Persian oil agreement, signed in April 1946, which could not take effect until the Persian Majlis (parliament) ratified...
Last week the election was still going on. But the Russians were no longer in northern Persia. The Russian-sponsored Tudeh Party had collapsed throughout Persia. Americans were now the vogue. Persians bought $1 million-a-year worth of shabby American secondhand suits. Persian women clamored for stilt-soled shoes and Hollywood hairdos. Sidewalk hawkers shouted "American nylons!" Fishmongers even cried "American fish...
...last May when it virtually disowned its Washington Ambassador, bright-eyed little Hussein Ala, for pounding the anti-Russian alarm too loudly in the Security Council. Security Council disapproval forced the Red Army to leave all Persia?but skeptics pointed out that Red influence, exerted through the Communist-led Tudeh Party, was still strong in Teheran; they doubted if Premier Ahmad Gavam's Government was free enough to re-establish its sovereignty over Azerbaijan...
...retrospect, Ambassador Ala seemed U.N.'s first hero for his courageous fight last spring. But Gavam had won the other half of Persia's battle by repressive measures against the Tudeh Party. First Gavam broke last July's bloody strike of Tudeh-led Abadan oil workers. In mid-October, he kicked three Tudeh men out of his Cabinet, then muzzled the Tudeh press. Result : an independent, but not a very democratic, Persia...
...Rising Wind. The best Iran's Gavam could do was to bend with the rising Soviet wind. The increased Tudeh representation in his Cabinet (which includes Dr. Morteza Yaz di, a wealthy Soviet sympathizer) got the posts of Commerce & Industry, Education and Health, but not the key posts of War, Foreign Affairs (Gavam) and Justice. To counter Tudeh agitation the British moved some troops up to Basra, close to the Abadan flashpoint...