Word: tuition
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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Admittedly, the imposition of a membership fee would be wildly unpopular, particularly in the wake of soaring tuition costs and George Bush's tax increases. What's worse, it might not produce the intended effect. Rather than reducing attendance at the MAC, such a fee might actually encourage rich students with no coordination or competence but lots of disposable income to return to the MAC more frequently and get the most for their dollar...
Budget deficits have led to a sharp drop in both state and federal funding; public colleges and universities, which had previously relied on tuition and legislative grants to pay the bills, now compete aggressively with private institutions for corporate and foundation grants. Even heavily endowed Ivy League schools are deferring maintenance and debating whether to lop off entire academic branches. Yale, for example, is considering a plan that would close its linguistics department and merge three branches of engineering into one; Columbia is abandoning its highly regarded library-science program. Still, the Ivies are doing better than the vast California...
Academia's code word for the future, in the view of some, is "accountability" -- both to the students it hopes to serve and the public that pays the bills, either by taxes, tuition or gifts. In Hiatt's view, "too many higher education institutions have been run like government, and that means they have been run badly." One inevitable consequence of imitating or emulating government has been bureaucratic bloat: a self-perpetuating nomenklatura of assistant deans, development officers and other office-bound personnel. "Harvard doesn't have a financial problem, it has a management problem," contends B.U.'s Silber...
...Tuition at private colleges, along with room and board fees, rose dramatically during the past decade, easily outpacing the rate of inflation. Tuition was one cash cow that universities could milk through the '80s, especially after the recession dried up public funding and endowment returns. The tuition free-for-all, however, was not cost free. Each time tuition went up, more incoming students required financial assistance, and many of those already paying their own way suddenly needed aid. To cover the rising bills, universities -- you guessed it -- often raised tuition again. As of 1986, 38% of all public-university students...
...Tuition revenues usually go into general funds, which pay for everything from staff salaries to cutting the grass. To keep high-paying industries from plucking off promising science talent, universities must provide laboratories furnished with state-of-the-art equipment. To achieve prestige, many schools engage in bidding wars for big-name professors who command $100,000 salaries. Faculty salaries rose through the '80s to make up for lagging paychecks a decade earlier; benefits and health care also escalated...