Word: tumorous
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Patrimony is an account of how Roth cared for his 86-year-old father during the last stages of the parent's incurable brain tumor. The trick of it is that there are no tricks, just a masterly demonstration of narrative control and emotional clarity...
...years ago, lumpectomy would not have been an option for Fallscheer. Since then, studies have shown that when a tumor is small, confined to a single area and readily accessible to the surgeon's scalpel, lump removal plus radiation is no less effective than removing the entire breast. But as Fallscheer's experience shows, not every surgeon is convinced. Nor does every eligible patient choose the lesser operation. Though about 50% of breast- cancer patients are candidates for lumpectomy, only about half of those elect it. Many, including Nancy Reagan, feel safer if the entire breast is removed. "For most...
...nodes from under the arm near the affected breast and examine these glandular structures for signs of cancer. A woman with "positive" nodes has a 37% to 75% chance of a cancer relapse within five years, depending on the number of affected nodes and the size of the original tumor. In such cases, chemotherapy or hormone therapy will be urged...
...kind of drug treatment depends on many things, including a woman's age and the biology of her tumors. The cancer cells of postmenopausal patients often require the hormone estrogen in order to grow. If lab tests show the presence of estrogen receptors in a tumor (a sign of a good prognosis), therapy with tamoxifen, an estrogen-blocking drug, is usually recommended. It reduces the risk of disease recurrence by approximately 20%, with relatively mild side effects...
Frequently, doctors use a variety of factors to determine which patients are at highest risk. One major consideration: tumor size. "One centimeter ((0.4 in.)) is considered the major turning point," says Dr. Larry Norton at Memorial Sloan-Kettering in New York City. "Over 1 cm, and I lean very strongly toward additional treatment." A close look at the tumor cells will provide other clues, says Dr. William McGuire, chief of medical oncology at the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio. Misshapen cell nuclei, abnormal amounts of DNA or an accelerated rate of cell division...