Word: tung
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...fact was that Mao Tse-tung's whole "year-of-the-big-leap" policy had been a fiasco, botched by bad planning, and straining fields, farmers and transport. Red China had already sheepishly begun to retreat from its propaganda claims when providentially the government found a way to shift much of the blame: nature this spring took a cruel hand in China, as it so often has before. While flooding rains fell over huge chunks of Central China, the provinces of Kirin and Hopei were parched by drought. In Szechwan, a force of 40 million Chinese was working desperately...
...Reds had links with Shanghai, too, but no liking for it. The Communist Party of China was Shanghai-born in 1921; Red leaders, including Chou En-lai and Liu Shao-chi, had fought in its streets for control of the city workers-and lost. Mao Tse-tung viewed Shanghai with suspicion, believed that it was the "City of the Five Too-Manys": too many rascals, robbers, opium smokers, thieves and prostitutes...
Career. Born in Hunan province, close by the village of Mao Tse-tung, of middle-class peasants. Not even official Chinese sources give a consistent birthdate, though he is probably 61. Mao and Liu attended the same normal school in industrial Changsha, early became Communists. By 1919 Liu had joined the staff of a Red newspaper edited by Mao Tse-tung, and been sent to the Soviet Union to study at Moscow's Far Eastern University...
...made the 6,000-mile "Long March" from southern Kiangsi to Yenan in 1934-35, Liu Shao-chi remained in Kuomintang territory as a Red agent. Summoned to Yenan in 1942 he began his rise to the top levels of the party reportedly as personal secretary to Mao Tse-tung, and as an expert in "indoctrination methods," meaning brainwashing...
...nearly everyone around him. When Premier Chou En-lai suggested in a speech that no one could be considered faultless, he was forced to admit that "Chairman Mao and Comrade Liu Shao-chi and a few other leaders have achieved the stage of perfection." Liu even opposed Mao Tse-tung on the "let a hundred flowers bloom" theory and-in Communist terms-was proved right. He annoys Soviet officials by telling them that Russians are not capable of understanding China, and displays the contempt of an old street agitator for the commanding generals of the Red Chinese army...