Word: tunnel
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...some respects, though, it was predictable. Drug cartels certainly have the money to build these tunnels, and Mexico?s sizeable mining sector means there is plenty of tunnel engineering expertise available, willing or not. There have been at least nine very sophisticated tunnels discovered over the years, some equipped with rails to move contraband more efficiently. Authorities believe at least six cartels are thought to be capable of building major tunnels, and three have already undertaken them. "I would certainly think that [tunneling] would be the preferred way to go for drug smugglers," says Neil Anderson, Professor, Geological Engineering...
...Still, even for cash flush traffickers, these narco-tunnels are not small undertakings. The Otay Mesa tunnel could easily have cost more than a million dollars; several hundred truckloads would have been needed to carry away the excavated soil. Covert tunneling entails more security risks that cost extra to conceal. On top of that, US officials believe they caught the latest sophisticated tunnel soon after it came online...
...That's a huge hit," says Michael Unzueta, special agent in charge of Immigration and Customs Enforcement's Office of Investigations [in San Diego]. "Drug trafficking organizations don't want to lose money, narcotics, houses and the same goes for tunnels - and if they spent a year a digging a tunnel and then to loose that asset so quickly, that has to have some crippling setback effect...
...business worth some $25 billion a year, that's debatable. "The cartels can afford to dig ten tunnels, have nine of them get discovered, one doesn't and the money they make off of that one tunnel pays for all ten, and then some, so why not," counters Austin Long, a security expert, and associate political scientist at the Rand Corporation, who points to all the other exotic and expensive ways cartels have devised to bring drugs into the US, including submarines and ultra-light aircraft...
...Tunnels have been a factor in conflicts and escapes for millennia; only after the Vietnam War did the world came to appreciate the engineering marvel the Vietnamese Communists accomplished in the Cu Chi tunnel networks, which was as extensive as the New York City subway system. But in today's age of asymmetric conflict tunneling seems to have a new cachet. The US military is finding this out in Iraq and Afghanistan, where there have been numerous successful and nearly successful underground breaches at bases and prisons where suspected terrorists are held. "Protecting underground perimeters is the next capability...