Word: tunnelling
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Dates: during 1920-1929
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...spectators propelled themselves as speedily as possible into its white tiled maw. Seven hours later, at one minute after midnight, the motor vehicles for which the tunnel was built began to pass through from the New York and the New Jersey sides. In the second motor car to pay its toll fee*was Mrs. Clifford Milburn Holland, whose husband died as chief engineer of the tunnel. With her was Mrs. Milton H. Freeman, whose husband also died as chief engineer...
...Tunnel. The Holland Vehicular Tunnel consists of two tubes made of cast iron rings 29 ft. 6 in. in external diameter and lined with concrete. Other statistics...
...Holland Tunnel's greatest problem was not its construction, but its ventilation-how to avoid the poisonous carbon monoxide gas exhausted from motor trucks and cars. Ventilation experiments at Yale, the University of Illinois and the U. S. Bureau of Mines showed that more than four parts of the gas in 10,000 of air was dangerous. To prevent disaster absolutely Chief Engineer Holland installed 84 ventilating fans in four 10 story buildings, two on each side of the Hudson. Part of them blow fresh air into the tunnel floor through vents, others suck vitiated air through ducts...
...Builder. The states of New York and New Jersey named the tunnel after Clifford Milburn Holland. In 1906, when he was 23, he left Harvard with both A. B. and B. S. degrees. At once he went to Manhattan, saying: "I am going into tunnel work and I am going to put a lot more into it than I'll ever be paid for." In his early 30's he was building simultaneously four street railway tunnels under the East River, between Manhattan and Brooklyn...
...there is no bridge. Ferries, lighters and under-river railroads carry the traffic. A few years ago there was an ice jam in the river and Manhattan lacked coal although there were heaps on the New Jersey side. That situation finally induced the two state legislatures to order the tunnel built. Their tunnel commissions chose Holland's plans and made him chief engineer. His wife last week told how he worked: "Evening after evening he remained at work. Our dinner hour was always uncertain. If we induced him to attend the theatre, he always went back to the tunnel...