Word: turkeys
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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NATO had had its ups and downs in the ten years, had short-fallen on some of its military ambitions and hopes for cultural unity, but its members represented 15 nations and 450 million free people from North America, on one side, through Western Europe to Greece and Turkey, on the other. And despite the addition of missile-rattling to the Communist arsenal of threats, the nations not only still stood solid on their antiCommunism, but most of them wanted to be sure that the Communists knew it. Highlighters among the speakers...
Simple geography (see map) explained it. During the early '60s, when Russia may hold a temporary lead in numbers of intercontinental missiles, NATO's IRBMs based in England and Italy, later perhaps in Turkey, will cover enough targets in Russia to bridge the gap between less effective SAC bombers and rising numbers of U.S.-based ICBMs. Perhaps even more important, possession of missiles by NATO nations (for the time being the U.S. controls the atomic warheads) gives them a sense of participation in their own defense in the missile...
...becoming a Soviet satellite. Already the new Iraqi government has withdrawn from the Baghdad Pact, driven Britain's R.A.F. from its Habbaniyah base near Baghdad. Unless the slide toward Communism is halted, the Soviet Union will penetrate the very heart of the Middle East, outflank staunchly pro-Western Turkey and increasingly shaky Iran. Encamped at the head of the Persian Gulf, the U.S.S.R. could then render the rest of the Middle East militarily-and perhaps politically -indefensible by the West...
Telephones jingled in five Baghdad embassies. A procession of limousines, national flags aflutter from their fenders, drove up outside Iraq's yellow brick Foreign Ministry. One by one, the ambassadors of Britain, Turkey, Iran and Pakistan marched inside to receive a note from Iraq's Foreign Minister Hashim Jawad. When they had left, the U.S.'s gangling Ambassador John Jernegan was ushered in and got the same word verbally. Later, at a press conference to which Western correspondents were not invited, Premier Abdul Karim Kassem, Iraq's strongman, announced publicly what the ambassadors had been told...
Iraq's withdrawal from the pact means it no longer is entitled to military help help from the other members--Britain, Iran, Turkey, and Pakistan--in case it is attacked...