Word: turkeys
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...Feet. Today's Europe, revived by U.S. aid but no longer dependent on it, proudly stands on its own feet. From 1948 to 1955 Europe lifted industrial production by 76% (v. the U.S.'s 33%). West Germany, The Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, Italy, Finland and Turkey are producing 50% more than they did before the' war. In Great Britain, whose rate of productivity is generally discussed in gloomy terms, the gross national product is nearly one-third higher than in 1938, real per capita income up at least...
Three years ago, just at the height of an election campaign, a handsome young Moslem hodja named Fevzi Boyar arrived in the western Turkish town of Odemis. Like most of Turkey's Moslem divines, Hodja Boyar took a dim view of the secular government established by the late, great Kemal Ataturk,* rejoiced that Premier Adnan Menderes and his Democratic Party had at long last restored religious instruction in Turkey's schools and even raised priestly salaries...
...best for the hodja. When the court of first instance found him guilty and sentenced him to ten months in jail, the public prosecutor, in a curious performance, tried to get the Court of Appeals to overturn the conviction. And when that failed, the prosecutor appealed to Turkey's court of last resort-the Grand National Assembly, which Menderes dominates...
...entire Assembly would next agree. But when the motion reached the floor, it ran into eloquent and unyielding opposition from 72-year-old ex-President Ismet Inonu, Ataturk's successor and now leader of the opposition Republican People's Party. He invoked a strong feeling: though Turkey remains a Moslem country, a whole generation of Turks has been brought up to believe that progress and democracy became possible only after Ataturk abolished the fez, separated church and state. Pointedly Inonu recalled that during their fight to overthrow the Sultan and forge the Turkish Republic, Ataturk and his followers...
Retreat. When Ismet Inonu speaks, even autocratic Adnan Menderes listens. And this time Inonu had the backing of President Celal Bayar, who for all his loyalty to the Democratic Party of Menderes, went out of his way to tell students at Turkey's Air Force Academy last week: "We must never give reaction a chance to return to Turkey." Within 24 hours after President Bayar spoke, Turkey's legislators by an almost unanimous vote refused to pardon Hodja Boyar. For all Turks who believe in separation of church and state, it was a sweet victory, except...