Word: turkeys
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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Syria has stood midway between the pro-Western and the Anti-Western Arab states. Recently she has listed menacingly towards the Communist side. The Syrian nation is bordered on the North by Turkey, on the East by Iraq, both states of the pro-Western Bagdhad pact, of which Britain is a member. To the South is unstable Jordan, to the West solidly pro-Western Lebanon. For sixty miles on the Southeast Syria borders Israel. Syria's economy is weak, but she holds a strong card in lying squarely across the vital pipelines leading from Iraq to the West...
What about the other Moslem states? Husky Iraq, shaky Jordan, pro-Communist Syria, half-Christian Lebanon, oil-rich Saudi Arabia, pro-western Turkey and Iran, all represent separate influences or vacuums of their own. The U.S. is concerned most about Syria and Jordan because neither has a government strong enough to ensure stability. The U.S. hopes that a strong Iraq will exercise a significant gravitational force in the area, is willing then to let nature take its course with Syria and Jordan...
While troublemakers stirred in Baghdad streets, Premier Nuri es-Said met for three days with the leaders of the three other Moslem members of the Baghdad Pact-Iran, Turkey and Pakistan. (The fifth pact member-Britain-was not welcome.) The four pledged strong measures to fight "the rising tide of subversion in the Middle East," and were obviously most alarmed at the threat in Syria...
...Turkey (pop. 24,110,000). Hates and fears Russia, whether Russia is Communist or not. A secularized Mos lem state, very friendly to the U.S., Turkey is the eastern anchor of NATO. Its 500,000-man army is the area's best. Sides with Britain over Cyprus. Turks dislike Nasser, chiefly because he opened the door to the Russians in the Middle East...
Iran (pop. 21,146,000). Like Turkey, a Moslem-but not an Arab-state. Three years ago the country was falling into anarchy after Britain's failure to negotiate a fair Anglo-Iranian oil deal. A weepy Mossadegh (TIME, Jan. 7, 1952) tried to rule from a hospital cot, and Iran was in danger of a Communist coup. That danger is safely past. Iran's Premier is a former ambassador to, and a good friend of, the U.S. The 37-year-old Shah now has firm control of his country, and on a recent trip to Moscow ably...