Word: turkeys
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...Britain took Cyprus in "trust" from the declining Ottoman Empire and later annexed the island outright when Turkey sided with Germany and its allies during World War I. Under British rule, a wary but peaceful coexistence developed between Greek and Turkish Cypriots. Greek landowners in the jagged Troodos Mountains leased their pastures to Turkish shepherds; Turkish shopkeepers bought oranges and carobs from Greek farmers. In the village taverna, Turk and Greek sat at separate tables but spoke politely to each other, usually in Greek...
Enosis terrified the island's Turks. To them it meant becoming a tiny minority within Greece-a country once ruled by the Ottomans. Instead they proposed taksim, a kind of double enosis that would enable the Turkish sectors of the island to unite with Turkey and the Greek with Greece. They established a guerrilla unit of their own, T.M.T. (Turkish Defense Organization). Violence erupted between the two groups in the mid-1950s, and Turks began to move out of sectors of Cypriot towns in which there were Greek majorities, and establish their own enclaves. Nicosia, for instance...
When they were not fighting among themselves, Cypriots fought the British. After four years of guerrilla warfare, which claimed more than 500 lives, Cyprus attained independence in 1960. The settlement was negotiated by Britain, Greece, Turkey and representatives of the Greek and Turkish Cypriot communities. However, it pleased few of the Cypriots, since it fulfilled the yearnings for neither enosis nor taksim. A hybrid government was created that called for a Greek as President and a Turk as Vice President. In the Cabinet and legislature, the Turks were given 30% of the seats -nearly double their percentage of the island...
...were sent in to keep the two sides separated. Ever since, a U.N. force of about 2,000 men has been stationed on the island to police the borders between Greek and Turk enclaves. But despite the U.N. troops, fighting between the communities erupted again, and in August 1964, Turkey sent warplanes to strafe and bomb Greek positions on the island. The U.N. arranged a cease-fire that lasted until 1967, when Greece and Turkey again nearly went...
...enosis, which also helped defuse Turkish suspicions about whether his loyalties lay with Greece or Cyprus. Actually, Makarios continued to believe in the ideal of enosis but he feared-and events last week proved him right-that any attempt to achieve union with Greece would lead to war with Turkey...