Word: turkeys
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...Russia have probed southward, seeking access to the southern sea lanes that are now major oil routes and thus the lifeline of the industrialized world. So far, the Western powers have succeeded in thwarting the Russians. In the 19th century the British Empire, from such places as Ottoman Turkey, Persia and the frontiers of India, intrigued and battled against Russian expansion. Britain's Prime Minister Lord Palmerston seemed to delight in all the machinations; to him, in a phrase first attributed to Rudyard Kipling, it was "the great game." In the 20th century the game has continued, with somewhat different...
Washington entered the game in 1955 with the creation of the Baghdad pact, a virtual invention of Secretary of State John Foster Dulles, who envisioned the alliance as a Southwest Asian counterpart of NATO. The original members, in addition to Turkey, Iran and Pakistan, were Iraq and Britain; the U.S. was an associate member. Iraq was dropped after a radical leftist government came to power in 1958, and the alliance moved its headquarters from Baghdad to Ankara. The diplomats and generals who renamed the organization CENTO presumably never bothered to check the dictionary, which defines "cento" as "a patchwork...
...Turkey is preoccupied by its enmity with Greece. Pakistan is distracted by its fear and hatred of India. At the same time, Turkey and Pakistan both face their own versions of the resurgent Islamic anti-Westernism and conservatism that now threaten the Shah. Pakistani mullahs last year played a key role in bringing down the government of Zulfikar Ali Bhutto and precipitating martial law. In Turkey, politically active Muslims could hold the balance in the next government crisis...
...subject of Turkey comes up continually in Tehran and Islamabad. "Turkey is entering much more into talks with the Soviet Union than it has in the past," says Zia. "This is understandable because they've found that their so-called traditional allies have let them down...
...they have privately dubbed "the Brzezinski Doctrine." That describes the Carter Administration's policy of relying on "regional influentials" ?Zbigniew Brzezinski's term?to shoulder much of the burden of maintaining security in their area. The "influentials" in this case are Iran and India?and the concept annoys Turkey and terrifies Pakistan. Says Zia angrily: "If the U.S. is thinking of aligning with pillars of strength in this region, then I'm not having any part of it. Instead of turning to Tehran and New Delhi, why can't Pakistan turn somewhere else...