Word: tutsis
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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Threats by Laurent Kabila's beleaguered government to strike against Rwanda have the taut tenor of songs of the doomed. "Kabila was brought to power by Tutsi soldiers from Rwanda and Burundi, and those same forces are now setting out to overthrow him," says TIME reporter Clive Mutiso. "This time they shouldn't need longer than 12 weeks to reach Kinshasa...
...Berlin Wall ushered in today's new world order. And there are other peaceful examples, such as Czechoslovakia, which separated quietly. In Africa colonial powers did not draw borders to accommodate different tribes, and perhaps that is the reason for the ever reappearing ethnic conflict between Hutu and Tutsi, who were bundled into one state (Rwanda). Isn't it time to realize that every nation or group of people with a common descent, language and history should have the right of self-government? JAN RIJN ZEEVAART Pretoria...
...objective was for ?justice to be seen to be done? -- but apparently not to be seen too widely or recorded: Rwanda staged public executions today of 22 Hutu militants convicted of taking part in the 1994 genocide of the country's Tutsi minority. But police enforced a strict ban on cameras and recording devices. In the capital, Kigali, 30,000 people flocked to the soccer stadium to see three men and one woman shot one by one as they were tied to stakes with black hoods over their heads. Some of the 18 other executions in provincial towns were attended...
...some the answer is as intractable as it is frightening. The animosity between Hutu and Tutsi, many Westerners believe, grew out of fierce and ancient tribal hatred. But Rwandans like Bizimana, who each day grapple with explaining the unspeakable, resist this orthodox notion of tribalism. "The genocide philosophy was created in the colonial period to divide people who shared a common culture," he says. In the 1920s, Belgian colonial authorities classified Rwandans into different tribes. One group of families, whom the Belgians called Tutsi, was given the advantages of Western culture, such as access to schools. The rest were labeled...
Bizimana refers to Hutu and Tutsi as "small political and economic" groups. "You cannot call them tribes," he says. Yet even if tribalism is an inadequate term, it does speak to an emerging and explosive phenomenon in other parts of the world. Fragmentation, Balkanization, the dissolution of states: at a time of blurry borders and contested nationhood, ethnicity may become the most common--and easiest--organizing principle for nation builders. In the next century, conflagrations of apparent tribalism will not be set off by old ethnic rivalries as much as by contemporary political struggles--struggles that power-hungry leaders will...