Word: two
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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Unlike the situation in years past, the prime order of business at the two meetings was not to raise more divisions or discuss new weaponry. The conferences were held against a backdrop of recent improvements in East-West relations, caused chiefly by the start of the U.S.-Soviet arms-limitation talks in Helsinki and West Germany's signing of the nuclear-nonproliferation treaty. Also, memories have dimmed of the Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia, which dashed earlier hopes for détente. The two rival blocs are now testing each other with initiatives that could lead to a further lowering...
...urged the Soviets to prove that they genuinely want to ease tensions by agreeing to discuss NATO's year-old suggestion for mutual troop reductions in Europe (see chart). The Soviets, however, have shown no interest in such a move. The Red Army forces in Eastern Europe accomplish two major objectives of Soviet foreign policy: they provide perimeter defense of the motherland, and they help to keep the Warsaw Pact countries in line...
Isolation Anxiety. In Moscow, the Warsaw Pact officials spent much of their two-day meeting debating West German Chancellor Willy Brandt's offer of improved trade and political relations. Since fear of the West Germans has been one of the East bloc's unifying forces, a reconciliation with Bonn could slowly erode the Warsaw Pact. The prospect of a rapprochement particularly alarms East German Boss Walter Ulbricht, who fears that his half of Germany might lose considerable East bloc business in the event of a deal between Bonn and the Warsaw Pact countries...
Ulbricht reportedly arrived in Moscow two days before the meetings began. His mission was to urge the Soviet leaders to insist on full diplomatic recognition of his German Democratic Republic by Bonn before the Communist countries enter into any dealings with West Germany. But he was overruled by his Warsaw Pact comrades, who badly need trade and industrial credits from prospering West Germany...
...tung remains the most shadowy figure among the leaders of 20th century Communism. There seems to be almost no middle ground between his reverential propagandists and his vituperative critics. As a result, the man who has altered the destiny of China -and the world-almost invariably appears two-dimensional. In the '30s and '40s, a few foreigners, notably the American journalist Edgar Snow, captured some titillating glimpses of Mao. But after the Communists gained power in 1949, Peking's Gate of Heavenly Peace closed fast behind him, and he has remained a mystery...