Word: typhus
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Dates: during 1940-1949
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Last month came the first news of the grim medicine practiced among Yugoslavia's Partisans, where doctors fight shattering wounds, frostbite and typhus almost without equipment (TIME, May 8). Last fortnight, TIME'S Stoyan Pribichevich, chosen by lot to represent the U.S. and British press in Yugoslavia, sent out a pooled dispatch containing more details on Yugoslav medicine. Excerpts...
Pursers are taught how to bandage, administer laxatives, penicillin, sulfa drugs, morphine, plasma. They learn to make chest X rays and Wassermann tests, to immunize against typhus, tetanus, typhoid, smallpox. They get a smattering of psychology, more than a smattering of ship sanitation...
...Typhus in mice can be controlled by penicillin, according to a report from St. Louis University. If verified, this is the first time a virus (the typhus organism is thought to be a virus) has yielded to the drug...
Last summer 35% of Tito's men had typhus, said Dr. Nikolic. So he declared war on lice, and two months ago the rate had dropped to less than 1%. But disease, as in all wars, still kills more than enemy bullets...
Said Dr. Nikolic: the Nazis have sent 500 Yugoslav doctors to Germany and the Russian front, looted hospital equipment and food, refused to aid the sick, often spread disease as a political persuasion. In huge concentration camps "for the undesirables," said he, men, women & children were deliberately exposed to typhus...