Word: tyuratam
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...considerably less accurate than ICBMs, which was the primary factor in the U.S. decision against building its own FOBS several years ago. Further, he said, the U.S. has developed an over-the-horizon radar capable of tracking a missile from the moment of blast-off at Russia's Tyuratam ICBM complex; the new radar will be fully operational in February and will give Washington 30 minutes' warning of a potential attack. The new three-stage Spartan anti-ballistic missile will also increase U.S. ability to intercept any incoming missile...
Probably launched from the Tyuratam Cosmodrome in central Kazakhstan, the first of the satellites, Cosmos 186, lifted off on Oct. 27. Western scientists immediately noted that it was traveling in an orbit remarkably similar to that of Soyuz 1, which crashed on landing last April, killing Soviet Cosmonaut Vladimir M. Komarov. Three days later, a cylindrical object called Cosmos 188 was rocketed aloft into the same orbital track, a scant 14.9 miles from Cosmos 186. The accuracy was remarkable, but it had to be. Western space experts have learned that Russian spacecraft radar lacks power for long-range precision...
...least seven times in the past eleven months, mysterious Russian unmanned space shots launched from the Soviet cosmodrome at Tyuratam, Kazakhstan, have set off flurries of speculation among U.S. space and military experts. All seven seem to have been attempts to return payloads to earth in one orbit or less, and all have had un usually inclined elliptical orbits with abnormally low perigees...
...Russians are not talking. The first in the series, fired without announcement from Tyuratam on Sept. 17, 1966, was observed by U.S. space trackers to explode into more than 80 pieces before it could complete its first orbit...
Some space observers believe that the tests relate to an offensive orbiting weapons system. Other scientists have noted that the payloads seem to be brought back to earth within a closely limited area some 600 miles northeast of Tyuratam, where radar and other sensor devices can obtain a wide variety of re-entry data. Pursuing this line of reasoning, their best guess is that the Russian test flights are part of an effort to develop either maneuverable warheads that can avoid anti-ballistic missiles or manned vehicles that can withstand the 23,400 m.p.h. re-entry speeds of a lunar...