Word: ubico
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...cops dusted off a law that dates to the dictatorship of Jorge Ubico (1931-44), and makes "speaking ill of the President" punishable by prison terms of six months to three years. One of the first arrested turned out to be a pro-government editor whose words were misunderstood by informers; he was beaten, then hastily freed. Small boys up before dawn were searched (and found to be newspaper deliverers...
...adversaries, the new President last week made a decision that shocked his liberal supporters. To boss the secret police, Castillo Armas picked Guatemala's toughest cop, José Bernabé Linares, 51. As most Guatemalans know, when Linares last ran the secret police under the late Dictator Jorge Ubico his men submerged political enemies in electric-shock baths and perfected a head-shrinking steel skull cap to pry loose secrets and crush improper political thoughts. Whatever else Linares' appointment meant, it suggested that Castillo Armas' latest command decision was not to toy with the enemy forces...
...Castillo Armas planned no abrupt swing to the right. His coup came to Guatemala in the midst of a ten-year-old social revolution against a series of dictatorships that had ruled for 105 years before. The rebel, who sided with Arbenz in the 1944 overthrow of Dictator Jorge Ubico, has no nostalgia for the old days. Last week he promised to consolidate all "social reforms benefiting the working class" and to "continue the public works begun by our enemies." Land redistribution, which has been slowly getting some of the country's huge estates into peasant hands, will stay...
...foreign nobody. Arbenz brooded because his aristocratic young wife had to do her own housework and even tint photographs (at $1 each) to eke out his $60-a-month lieutenant's pay. He seethed at social injustices-especially his own-and whetted up a sharp hatred for Ubico, who despised most of his officers and carefully confined them to quarters whenever he left the capital. "You can't imagine what it is like to live under a dictatorship," recalls Arbenz, whose police last week were freely murdering and jailing his political opponents. In 1944, sick of Ubico, Arbenz...
...lashes. The viceroyalty threw off the rule of Spain in 1823, later crumbled into five warring states. In the 105 revolution-torn years that followed, 18 dictators ruled Guatemala, beginning with the swineherd Rafael Carrera (1839-65) and reaching a savage climax under the megalomaniac General Jorge Ubico, who took power in 1931, held the Indians' wages as low as 3? a day, and was overthrown and exiled in 1944. Jacobo Arbenz is the country's second elected President since then...