Word: ulan
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...Blue Ants. The other Outer Mongolia is a newly awakened land bursting wide-eyed into the jet age. The capital city of Ulan Bator (Red Hero) boasts a finer hotel than any in Moscow. A state hospital, equipped by Czechoslovakia, is superbly run by a staff of 35 doctors (25 Mongols, five Russians, four Czechs, one Chinese). Sturdy Mongol girls tend up-to-date British machinery in a large textile mill, and the sons of nomad horsemen study physics at the state university. Russia and its European satellites have poured nearly $3 billion into Outer Mongolia. Hungarian technicians operate...
Restive Lamas. Outer Mongolia won a precarious independence in 1921, when with Soviet help the Chinese officials were driven from the country and a "Peoples Revolutionary government" was established under Sukhe Bator, whose heroic statue stands in the center of Ulan Bator. The Red regime survived several uprisings led by Mongol princes and Buddhist lamas, and in 1945, as a result of the Yalta conference, Nationalist China agreed to a plebiscite in Outer Mongolia. The Reds saw to it that the vote for independence was unanimous...
Today the signs of Sovietization are everywhere. The architecture of Ulan Ba tor is Stalin-modern. The national newspaper Unen is a replica of Moscow's Pravda, and both words mean "truth." The farmers and herdsmen are grouped in collectives and on state farms, as in Russia. The No. i Communist, Tsedenbal, heads both the government and the party, as Khrushchev does in Moscow. Ulan Bator has a mausoleum, containing Sukhe Bator's remains, similar to the Lenin tomb in the Soviet capital. In 1946, Mongols adopted the Russian Cyrillic alphabet; their army is Russian trained and equipped...
...makes Mongols eager for contact with the rest of the world, and Mongolia has tried hard to establish diplomatic relations with the U.S. On the occasion of Outer Mongolia's admission to the United Nations last year, Washington declared it had "explored the possibility" of exchanging ambassadors with Ulan Bator. The exploration indicated that 1) Nationalist China was strongly opposed, and 2) Congress would not be happy to have the U.S. recognize still another Communist country. For these reasons, the Kennedy Administration decided that it would be "in the best interests of the U.S. to suspend further study...
...malicious and slanderous attacks" on Moscow. The Mongolian Reds also dared to criticize Red China for not submitting to Soviet ideological supremacy, and dutifully de-stalinized their own late dictator, Khorlogiin Choibalsan (1895-1952), whose last reported resting place was a stalinesque red stone mausoleum in the center of Ulan Bator. The familiar charge: Choibalsan nurtured a "cult of personality...