Word: ultraviolet
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Dates: during 1940-1949
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Next step: to inactivate the virus (by ultraviolet radiation or chemicals) and produce a concentrated vaccine that might prevent polio...
...Public Health Service, busy searching for a cure for mumps, last week reported a dividend: a vaccine, highly successful in immunizing monkeys, and now being tested with human volunteers. The vaccine uses virus from mumps convalescents; the virus is first cultured in chick embryos, then killed by ether or ultraviolet irradiation...
While doing antisubmarine research for the Navy, Jenkins and Bowen examined seawater under an ultraviolet microscope. Every cubic inch, they discovered, contained about 1,500,000 submicroscopic particles 1/50,000th of an inch in diameter. These particles reflect violet, blue and green light rays back to the surface, where they combine to give ocean water its characteristic color. When water looks green, it contains larger particles (silt or small living creatures) which reflect other kinds of light...
...Kurt Lange and David Weiner of the New York Medical College got the idea while studying blood circulation by means of fluorescein, a tracer dye which, injected into the blood, flows freely with it and glows yellow-green under long-wave ultraviolet light. When they froze rabbit tissues (and later that of human volunteers) they found that after a time the whole frozen area glowed brightly, indicating blood concentration...
Tracking a Cure. Medical scientists think they have turned up some promising leads for polio cure. One of them: a vaccine made of polio virus inactivated by ultraviolet rays; it has been successful in immunizing laboratory mice, but is still to be tested on monkeys and human beings...