Word: ultraviolet
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...pound satellite was launched from Cape Kennedy on August 9. Besides the Harvard telescope, it contains 6 other experiments designed to measure solar emissions such as x-rays, ultraviolet light and neutrons that are ordinarily blocked from view by the upper layers of the earth's atmosphere. When ever the satellite emerges from the earth's shadow, two of these devices, including Harvard's telescope, constantly scan different portions of the sun's disc and record the intensity of the sun's radiation in varying sections of the spectrum...
Besides observing the sun, the OSO-VI telescope has measured the absorption of ultraviolet light by the earth's upper atmosphere an important factor in the earth's weather...
Puzzling Conditions. That kind of cataclysm would not have left any obvious scars on the face of the earth, Gold explains, since much of the ultraviolet radiation would have been blocked off by the earth's atmosphere. But, he adds, the atmosphere itself might have been disturbed or even partially swept away. The explosion, for example, might have blown off some atmospheric helium. It could also account for puzzling conditions on other planets, such as the lack of measurable nitrogen on Mars. Perhaps the most spectacular possibility raised by Gold is that one whole side of Mercury, the closest...
...other, quite legal, ways in which we are steadily bringing about the end of the world. Just for an example, there's the Greenhouse Effect gone wild. Our heavy industry, oil heat, and combustion in general are putting too much CO2 into our air. CO2 in our atmosphere absorbs ultraviolet radiation from the sun (reflected off the earth) as heat. This is called the Greenhouse Effect. It was important in the evolution of the earth into a life-supporting planet. The world is getting hotter and hotter. When it gets hot enough, the polar ice caps will start to melt...
...organisms that found shelter in a relatively hospitable ( -94°F.) region near the edge of Mars' southern polar cap, where Mariner 7 concentrated its cameras and instruments. There, he said, they might have drawn water from the polar ice and protection from the sun's ultraviolet radiation under a cloud of carbon-dioxide particles...