Word: ultraviolet
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...large part of the controversy over the British-French Concorde arises from concern about the big jets' effect on the ozone layer, which protects life on earth from lethal doses of ultraviolet light. Laboratory tests and chemical theory have shown that the nitrogen oxides given off by jet engines destroy ozone. Do nitrogen oxides have the same effect in the stratosphere? A Dutch meteorologist working at Boulder, Colo., reports there is now evidence that the answer...
...stratosphere at an altitude of about 25 miles over the polar regions, and thus depleted the ozone over these areas by an amount he calculated at 20%. There was a way of checking his theory. A Nimbus satellite, in orbit at the time, had been measuring the amount of ultraviolet light reflected from the earth's atmosphere. Because ozone absorbs ultraviolet, any decrease in ozone would result in an increase in the ultraviolet "seen" by the satellite. Sure enough, after months of analyzing data from the Nimbus, two NASA scientists, Donald Heath and Arlin Krueger, determined that the solar...
Some critics of the Concorde have charged it would reduce the concentration of ozone in the stratosphere that protects the earth from ultraviolet rays, thereby increasing the incidence of nonfatal skin cancer. Coleman judged that the stratospheric impact of the 16 months of test flights would be "minuscule," and the slight risk of causing additional cases of the disease-which he called "speculation"-was not enough to reject landing rights for the Concorde...
...playing a major role in determining the acceptability of a foreign aircraft. Some scientists have speculated that the Concorde's high-altitude emissions of nitrogen oxides could contribute significantly to the destruction of the ozone layer that screens the earth from an overdose of the sun's ultraviolet rays. Using these reports, the Federal Aviation Administration estimates that simply granting the pending Franco-British request for six flights a day could lead to 200 additional cases of skin cancer a year...
...example, is the only true round-trip migrant among the world's 20,000 species. Although only one family of butterflies is called satyrs, most males exhibit an aggressive libido as soon as they emerge from the chrysalis-they can detect females by odor, flight signals, and ultraviolet waves imperceptible to the human eye. Any colors that are perceptible are gathered here in a great rainbow of a book for collectors of butterflies, books, or examples of classic nature photography...