Word: underground
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...Wagon Guard. Vorster has not always been so acclaimed. The 13th of 14 children of a wealthy Afrikaner farmer, he studied law at Stellenbosch University, turned up in 1941 as a 25-year-old "general" in South Africa's pro-Nazi underground, the Ossewa Brandwag (Ox-Wagon Guard). Spouting his admiration for Hitler and contempt for democracy, he was arrested as a Nazi agent in 1942, spent 14 months in a dusty internment camp at Koffiefontein in the Orange Free State. So extremist were his ideas that not even the Nationalists could stomach them at first...
Despite these demerits, Vogel & Co. presented a provocative cinematic circus. There were eye-grabbing sideshows enlivened by the thumps and grinds of U.S. independent film makers: exhibitions of Underground Cinema, Direct Cinema, and something the Marshall McLuhanatics call Expanded Cinema or Intermedia Kinetic Environment (IKE)-a sort of slap-happening half on and half off the screen. For movie goers who did not particularly like IKE, there was periodic excitement in the main tent. Seventeen nations were represented in a program that included ten or a dozen superb shorts and five fine features. Pursuing ever more strongly a direction evident...
According to Parsi tradition, Zoroaster was assassinated at the age of 77 by an unbeliever while worshiping at a fire temple. Within a century after his death, his teachings seem to have been accepted as the state religion by the Persian Emperor Artaxerxes. Although the faith was driven underground after Persia's conquest by Alexander the Great, Zoroastrian ideas circulated widely in the Middle East. Almost certainly the magi who came to Bethlehem to honor the newborn Jesus were Zoroastrians, and many scholars believe that echoes of Zoroastrian theology can be found in the Dead Sea Scrolls. Revived...
Died. General Tadeusz Komorowski, 71, Polish resistance hero in World War II, best remembered as "General Bor," a tall, wiry cavalry officer who went underground in 1939, led the tragic Warsaw uprising in the summer of 1944, when 40,000 ill-equipped members of the Polish resistance fought a doomed battle against four German divisions for 63 days while Russian troops halted their advance to watch the slaughter from only ten miles away, after which Bor charged Russia with cruel betrayal, claiming the Poles had been promised aid if they rose; of a heart attack; in Woughton on the Green...
...world will be an infinitely safer place when the self-conscious Soviets grow up enough to accept genuine criticism. That they have not done so is amply documented in this transcript of the trial last February of two Russian "underground" writers accused of slandering the Soviet system (TIME, Feb. 18). Andrei Sinyavsky and Yuli Daniel, both 40 and both widely read, had been smuggling pseudonymous manuscripts to the West since 1956 under the names Abram Tertz and Nikolai Arzhak. When the KGB arrested them last fall, the world expected a quick, quiet, Stalinesque show trial, in which the pair would...