Word: union
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...years after Sputnik 1, showed that the U.S.S.R. is still ahead of the U.S. in the critical field of space. The U.S.S.R. fired two moon rockets into space, missed once, hit once; the U.S. fired five moon rockets, missed five times. The Soviet success, as such, gave the Soviet Union's Chairman Khrushchev, on the eve of his U.S. visit, perhaps the greatest prestige blast-off of all time...
Texas' Johnson, the adroit, trend-sensing Senate Majority Leader, started the session by delivering his own "State of the Union" message to fellow Democrats, pushed a liberal-spending, twelve-point program (e.g., "bold" housing program, depressed areas bill) that included several items clearly beyond his legislative role and inside the executive area ("breathe life into the newly created space agency," "a consistent policy for Latin America"). He got off to a fast start on a quicker-than-the-eye maneuver to limit slightly the Senate's filibuster Rule 22, hoppered his own civil rights bill as a necessary...
...bloodied him up a bit. His troubles started when the Senate toughened his original Kennedy Bill, got grim when the President pushed the far tougher Landrum-Griffin bill through the House. As chairman of the Senate-House conference to resolve the differences between the two measures, he fought a union-side rearguard action against adoption of all Landrum-Griffin's tougher provisions, won enough concessions to avoid an all-out attack by angered labor leaders. Last week the powerful building trades (which, thanks to Kennedy's plugging, got special privileges in the new law) gave him a rising...
Conscientious Labor Secretary James Mitchell works hard at trying to be a good Republican shepherd to all U.S. workingmen. With prosperity and union organization, most of his flock live fat in the fold-but he worries over one nagging exception. Wandering up and down the nation's agricultural circuits, from California to Washington, Texas to Michigan, and Florida to New York, more than 500,000 migrant farm workers, following trails of seasonal planting and harvesting, work and live in scrabbling poverty which Mitchell calls a "national disgrace": average earnings in 1957 of $892, hourly wages...
...provide adequate housing or safe transport facilities. In two days of public hearings in Washington last week, farm employment groups battered his plan (earlier 29 farm-state Congressmen, mostly Southern Democrats, had branded the proposal "illegal, immoral and impracticall"). Alone among farm organizations, the National Farmers' Union came to Mitchell's aid, and the Very Rev. Msgr. George G. Higgins, of the"National Catholic Welfare Conference, praised Mitchell for "the greatest kind of courage...