Word: union
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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Management insists on greater control over such working conditions, which it claims nurture featherbedding, and it refuses to grant a penny in wage hikes unless it can increase efficiency by changing work practices as it sees fit. Otherwise, say the steel companies, any wage hike would be inflationary. Union Boss David McDonald charges that any changes would have the effect of "reducing the employees to mill slaves and the union to an ineffective puppet." He has even more personal reasons for standing firm: rank-and-file union members are deeply aroused over the threat to local working practices, and they...
...figures did not show the effects of the steel strike, the Federal Reserve Board's industrial production index did. Some 100,000 workers were laid off in mines and railroads, and carloadings dropped to 532,304 cars, lowest for a comparable week in years. Last week the Steelworkers Union and others called a strike at Kennecott Copper Corp. and Magma Copper Co. that idled another 15,000 workers. As a result, industrial output declined 1% in July to 153% of the 1947-49 average, two points below the record June level of 155%. But activity in most other durable...
...past-practices clauses "have become the source of more friction and grievances than any other section of the labor agreements." In its efforts to get them changed, management is pinning its hopes on a single clause that it has drawn up. But the clause is completely unacceptable to the union, and even impartial arbitrators say it is unworkable. It agrees that employees may file grievances, as now, but its language is so broad (the company cannot be stopped from "improving the efficiency and economy of its operations") that any arbitrator would almost have to decide any grievance in management...
...great deal of power to change working conditions to improve efficiency. Arbitrators have long conceded management's right to change any practice-e.g., crew reductions-if it has put in new machines or otherwise eliminated the basis for the practice. During the 13 years that the union has had past-practice clauses, U.S. Steel has won 145 of the 186 cases that have been submitted for arbitration...
...Bonn is committed to preserve the jobs of most of West Germany's 306,000 coal miners, fears the power at the polls of the 600,000-member union of coal, iron-ore and potash miners. This makes little sense to German economists, who point out that the booming country has a labor shortage in many other industries, now has only 215,000 unemployed, fewer than ever before...