Word: unionize
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...days went on and the panic spread, Western Union hired fleets of taxis to help deliver margin calls to speculators. It was common to see people rushing from their banks to their brokers with stock certificates and bonds they had just taken from safe deposit boxes. Insurance companies were besieged by people wanting to cash in or borrow on their policies...
...honors that have been bestowed on its men and women of science. Since 1946, 100 U.S. citizens have won Nobels in the sciences, more than half of the to tal number awarded and far more than America's nearest rivals: Britain, with 34; Germany, 13; the Soviet Union, 8; and France, 5. The record is nearly as impressive in what Thomas Carlyle called the "dismal science." Since the establishment of the Nobel Memorial Prize for Economics in 1968, Americans have carried off eight of the 17 medals awarded. In the most impressive U.S. Nobel coup, seven Americans made...
Though the Kremlin proclaims its allegiance to science, Soviet researchers are stifled by ideological tests and Communist doctrines. A prime example: the Stalin-blessed rule of a charlatan, the late Trofim Lysenko, over all biological research in the Soviet Union. Brooking no opposition to his discredited genetic theories, Lysenko dealt severely with scientific dissidents, putting Soviet biological science years behind that in the West...
...both Russians and Americans, the supreme symbol of the Soviet Union at war was the "Leningrad" Symphony, Dmitri Shostakovich's Seventh. In 1942, when Arturo Toscanini and the NBC orchestra performed it on radio for the first time in America, the New York Times music critic remarked that "the ballyhoo has never been surpassed in history for the scope of the publicity and the distribution of the music." In the U.S.S.R., performances of the symphony were said to have exerted "a profound influence on the psyche of the Soviet people in the struggle against the Nazi invader...
This was the time of the destruction of Jewish cultural life in the Soviet Union and the arrest of leading Jewish intellectuals. A purge of the arts was under way that mortally threatened those writers and composers who had survived the Great Terror of the mid-'30s. In music the principal target was Shostakovich. Though laden with Stalin Prizes, he was now being termed the author of "un-Soviet, unwholesome, eccentric, tuneless" works. He knew what to do. In 1936 he had nearly lost his life after receiving a public "whipping" for an opera that had displeased Stalin. Following...