Word: unionize
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...Soviet Union has its client dictators too. Rather than just tolerating leftist tyrannies, the Kremlin justifies them with dogma and defends them with tanks. Those that call themselves socialist and persecute in the name of the proletariat often seem more enduring than ideologically reactionary, avowedly anti-Communist dictatorships. Most of their staying power is due to the Soviet tanks, ready to roll over incipient democratization as they did in Prague in 1968. Political geography also helps leftist totalitarianism. It has been most durable in Eastern Europe, wedged snugly within the postwar Soviet sphere of influence, though even in that bloc...
...fall of his own weight and more vulnerable to internal enemies. To wit: the Greek Colonels, who were America's sons of bitches, and Sukarno of Indonesia, who was Moscow's and who was ousted in an anti-Communist military coup in 1966. Even today the Soviet Union is hard pressed to save the tottering Marxist dictatorship of President Noor Mohammed Taraki from an Islamic rebellion in Afghanistan...
Before long, many industries will have to face up to the changing pension demographics that automakers have already encountered. While in 1970 there were seven current auto workers for every retired one, the ratio now is 3 to 1 and will be 2 to 1 by 1990. Masterful union negotiators, going back to legendary President Walter Reuther, have won their employees some of the best pensions in private industry. This year the union fought for another breakthrough that would tie pension benefits to the cost of living, a plum common to public employees but still almost unknown in the private...
Nervous that years of underfunding by corporate managers and abuse of pension funds by some union bosses may have left millions of workers helpless, Congress in 1974 passed the Employee Retirement Income Security Act, which set up the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation to assure the payment of vested pensions. The aim was to prevent situations like the one that arose in 1964 when Studebaker stopped production and workers were left with little or no benefits. Now the pension protector is itself troubled. Twice the Pension Corporation has asked Congress to postpone putting into effect new provisions on multiemployer pension funds...
With auto sales sagging and 85,900 workers already laid off, the union was in no mood for a walkout. GM, benefiting from the successful introduction of its small, front-wheel-drive cars, .was also eager to avoid a shutdown...