Word: unionizers
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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Bush also applauded efforts by the Soviet Union to make its economy more market-oriented, saying "I would like to have a climate in which American businessmen can help in what Chairman Gorbachev is trying to do with reform...
...article last Monday on a study of the Soviet legal system incorrectly quoted Lowry Wyman, a fellow at the Russian Research Center. Wyman actually said in the Soviet Union, "...there is a tendency to have the courts run by the administration rather than the judiciary...
...scarcity value of money, ended the barter economy. Eastern Europe suffers from another economic distortion: the incestuous trade patterns that are a legacy of the Stalinist years. Trade under Comecon, the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance, was based on a curious reverse mercantilism: the imperial country (the Soviet Union) supplied energy and raw materials that the colonies (the satellites) paid for in manufactured goods. Since the Soviet Union was chronically short of almost everything, it was an undemanding market, providing no incentive for East Europeans to develop products for sophisticated customers. These bad habits will not be shed overnight...
Many of the gains made by the Soviet Union's 70 million Christians have also been enjoyed by the estimated 74 million Christians who live in the six satellite nations. Poland's Communists "have realized that unleashing conflict with the church has been a mistake throughout the past 45 years," says Alojzy Orszulik, the Polish bishops' spokesman. The nation, which remains 95% Catholic, this year became the first in the Soviet bloc to enact a law restoring all basic rights to the churches. Diplomatic relations with the Holy See were established in July. Hungary, also rapidly liberalizing, is 60% Catholic...
...most contentious religious problem within the Soviet Union concerns the 4 million or so Catholics in the western Ukraine, whose plight is a key agenda item in this week's talks between Gorbachev and the Pope. Friendlier contacts, and a papal visit to the U.S.S.R., cannot occur unless this, the world's largest underground religious community, is restored. Under Stalin, all Ukrainian Catholic bishops were imprisoned and a fraudulent 1946 synod dissolved their jurisdictions, handing over 4,100 churches to Russian Orthodoxy. The majority of the Catholic priests rejected the takeover and either were arrested or went into hiding...