Word: unionizing
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...strikers and shop owners had fought in the streets with shivs and sawed-off pool cues. Knife-wielding Communists ripped and clubbed workers in a vain attempt to run them into a Red-led splinter group. But in 1932, Dubinsky moved up to the presidency of the parent garment union, the International Ladies' Garment Workers, forced out the Communists, rallied the divided unionists, won concessions from management and steered labor into calm waters...
...biggest reason for the strike went much deeper than wages and was much harder to settle. It was, as one weary I.L.G.W.U. official said, that "we have just become too cozy with management." The top rulers in the union and management are old cronies. Together, they had streamed from the Eastern European ghettos to the garment district sweatshops 40 years ago; together, they still play gin rummy by summer and bake on the Miami beaches on vacations in winter. And together they fixed the wage scales. When a maker brought out a new dress, a joint management-union conclave decided...
They were so cozy that they grew soft about enforcing their agreements. Management protested that Old Warhorse Dubinsky had signed substandard contracts, with nonunion shops out of New York to organize them, thus made it tough for Manhattan manufacturers to compete. Dubinsky hotly denied it. His union countercharged that a group of fly-by-night dressmakers were chiseling on union contracts. They farmed work out to nonunion shops in violation of their contract, paid subcontract wages, welshed on union benefit payments, kept several sets of books. To fight back. Dubinsky demanded that union and management stiffen their policing of contract...
...Million in the Chest. The union figured it could hold out a long time. It has a $33 million strike war chest, which, as Columnist Murray Kempton quipped, "is rather like the Chase Manhattan Bank going on strike." But management was hemmed in. Unless settlement came soon, the shops would be unable to start their summer-dress deliveries as planned on April i. and their fall showings would be late. Said Adolph Klein, spokesman for 32 high-priced fashion houses: "We just don't know if there will be a summer line if the strike lasts another week...
...AUTO UNION is tempering demands as dealers' car inventories continue to rise. U.A.W. wants to boost its average $2.46 hourly wage rate by 10?; pace-setting General Motors has offered 6?. Union also will ask for bigger layoff, pension and health benefits, but will probably scrap its demand for profit sharing if G.M. agrees to more pay for shorter week...