Word: upheld
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...highest bench, Stalinist aggression had produced a violent, often excessive U.S. reaction, most sharply expressed in the face and form of Senator Joseph Raymond McCarthy. Now McCarthy is dead, having outlived his ism, and the face of Nikita Khrushchev beams from U.S. television screens. Previous Supreme Courts had upheld security laws on the implied Holmesian basis of "clear and present danger." By comparison, Earl Warren's court has moved with drastic speed toward the implied concept of very little danger at all. Items...
...proper legal definition of "advocacy and teaching," Harlan's opinion pointed to the 1949 jury instructions of Judge Harold Medina in the landmark trial in New York of Communist Party Secretary Eugene Dennis and ten other top U.S. Reds. The Medina instructions, upheld by the Supreme Court in 1951, said that the Smith Act denounced not the "abstract doctrine" of violent overthrow but the "teaching and advocacy of action" in "language reasonably and ordinarily calculated to incite persons to such action." Apparently, to the Supreme Court's mind, the key phrase was "incite to action"-and Judge Mathes...
While admitting that he was a "classical Marxist," Sweezy refused to answer some questions (e.g., had he advocated Marxism at a university lecture?) put to him by the New Hampshire attorney general acting on authorization from the state legislature. The New Hampshire Supreme Court upheld Sweezy's conviction for contempt on grounds that 1) "there exists a potential menace from those who would overthrow the Government by force and violence," and 2) "the need for the legislature to be informed on so elemental a subject as the self-preservation of Government outweighed the deprivation of constitutional rights that occurred...
...June n, 1956, the U.S. Supreme Court by a 5-to-3 vote upheld the right of military courts to try civilian dependents accompanying the U.S. armed forces overseas. Last week, ruling on the same two cases, and precisely 364 days after its first decision, the Supreme Court completely reversed itself...
...plan before the Senate Appropriations Committee, which was unanimous in its approval. It asked Lyndon to write a report. He whipped it out of his pocket -already written. During the Senate debate on USIA, Johnson was on his feet for more than four hours, fencing, flattering, cajoling, finally was upheld by a resounding vote...