Word: upheld
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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Even in the Roman Catholic Church, which has traditionally upheld the immutability of dogma, there is widespread recognition by theologians that all formulas of faith are man's frail and imperfect vessels for carrying God's truth, and are forever in need of reformulation. In the light of Christianity's need to respond to the human needs of the earth, many of these ancient formulas hardly seem worth rethinking. "The central axis of religious concern," notes Langdon Gilkey of the University of Chicago Divinity School, "has shifted from matters of ultimate 'salvation,' and of heaven...
...give greater influence to the citizens most affected" might be permissible. The court also recalled two of its decisions last term (TIME, June 2): one, citing the "basically appointive" nature of a county board of education, approved its selection by delegates elected from districts of unequal population; the other upheld a plan that gave each of seven unequal districts a resident city councilman but required that they be elected by a citywide ballot...
What eludes U.S. penology (from the Latin poena, meaning pain) is the basic recipe of effective punishment: speedy, inescapable prosecution, a fair chance for a fresh start, and state-upheld values that offenders can reasonably acknowledge as superior to their own. For one thing, 77% of reported U.S. crimes are never solved; many are never even reported. Thus, most caught criminals see their problem as bad luck rather than bad character. Indeed, such are the human mind's defenses that the guilty often feel in nocent. Dostoevsky astutely depicts a would-be murderer viewing...
...many such cases, policyholders have been suing to recover from the insurance companies, and they have been winning. The Maryland Court of Appeals recently upheld such a judgment on the grounds that the insurance company involved, State Farm Mutual, had "an obligation not merely to exercise good faith, but to use due care" in looking out for the interests of the insured. State Farm had passed up three chances to settle an auto-accident case for a total that was less than the eventual jury verdict-even though its lawyer had indicated that the company's chances of winning...
...victim later developed a severe psychosis. The landlady, who had to pay up as a result of the insurance company's refusal, was forced to sell off her assets. She became indigent, eventually lost her health and attempted suicide. She sued Security, and the California Supreme Court finally upheld an award that covered the excess she had had to pay over the insurance limit, plus damages for the mental suffering she had endured. The total tab to Security, including interest, was $164,453; at one time, the company could have settled...