Word: uppers
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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Hallam L. Movius, Jr. '30, Curator of Palaeolithic Archaeology at the Peabody Museum, will lead an expedition to the small farming village of Les Eyzies in southwestern France this summer. He plans to study "the relationship between the Upper Paleolithic man and his slowly changing environment from 20 to 35 thousand years...
...first satellite went up," Jacchia recalled. "I came back ten days after Sputnik I was launched. Everything was in a state of confusion. People were sleeping in my former offices. There was such general despair on people's faces that I decided to help." With his proficiency in upper atmosphere dynamics from his work on meteors, his help was not insignificant...
...interesting feature...is the erratic fluctuation in the orbital acceleration. A simple explanation of these changes may lie in a systematic variation of the effective presentation area of the satellite, although variations in the density of the upper atmosphere cannot be dicounted as a possible cause...
...satellite acceleration reproduced above. This one-for-one relationship led him to form in December the daring conclusion that some sort of particle emission, or wave emission, from the Sun was responsible for the variations of the satellites. This would mean, he said, that the density of the upper reaches of the atmosphere was increased during periods of high solar activity. Not only had it been thought that the upper atmosphere was ten times less dense than the satellites proved it to be, but it was never suspected that the density varied with radiation. An IGY publication pointed out that...
...interpreting the six billion calculations made each week by the IBM 704 computer is carried on by a small number of mathematicians and upper-atmosphere specialists at Smithsonian, many of whom also lecture at the University. Fred L. Whipple, Director of the Smithsonian Observatory, is an expert on meteors and meteoric risk to satellites as well as optical tracking; Theodore E. Sterne, Associate5The basis of JACCHIA'S discovery of the direct relationship between solar radiation and the movement of the satellites is illustrated by these four lines. The top two plots show the acceleration of two earth satellites...