Word: urbane
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...Illusion. People have been busily slicing up the still hypothetical peace dividend for a long time. Thus it was considerably dismaying when, on the eve of the conference, Daniel Moynihan, the executive secretary of the Urban Affairs Council, informed the nation that any peace dividend that accrued would quickly be soaked up by increased defense costs and burgeoning domestic programs such as welfare and aid to education. But Presidential Counsel Arthur Burns was an early guest of the Governors, and he had more hopeful news. There had been a "little misunderstanding" of Moynihan's remarks, he allowed...
...Conditions. Many, living in isolated hollows miles from the main road, exist on no earned incomes at all, under conditions that make life in an urban ghetto seem almost luxurious by comparison. Their houses are made of tarpaper or unseasoned wood, their food consists of what they can shoot, trap or buy with Government food stamps...
...Urban Bedouin. What is at stake is a sparsely populated nation more than twice the size of Texas and even more desolate in appearance. The Turks ruled Libya from the mid-16th century until 1912, when Italy gained the upper hand. The British administered the country from the end of World War II until independence in 1951. Once one of the poorest of Arab lands, Libya has become one of the wealthiest since vast reserves of oil were discovered a decade ago. In 1960, Libya's exports consisted of such commodities as esparto grass, olive oil, sponges and camels...
Most Americans think they know what is meant by "the urban crisis." To many, it means Watts in Los Angeles, the Hough section of Cleveland, Harlem in New York-in short, race riots, poverty, slums. To others, the urban crisis is manifest daily in clogged freeways, rising land costs and inadequate parks, plus a persistent dissatisfaction with urban life. But how many Americans think of the appalling squalor of the favelas of Rio de Janeiro, the bidonvilles of Algiers, the vecindades of Mexico City, or the nocturnal streets, littered with sleeping bodies, of Calcutta? There, the urban crisis is compounded...
...challenge in the two decades ahead, the report went on, is to "double the houses, power systems, sanitation, schools, transport, in fact the whole complex pattern of urban living created over several centuries." Can this goal be accomplished? The record in both rich and poor nations is discouraging, though there are a few bright examples. Through high-level planning, Russia, Britain, Venezuela and India have encouraged the rise of small cities to decentralize population. France and Bulgaria fostered new, strategically located regional centers. Switzerland and The Netherlands have attempted with some success to balance growth between cities and rural towns...